Skip to main content

Designing Neural Networks Using Gene Expression Programming

  • Conference paper
Applied Soft Computing Technologies: The Challenge of Complexity

Part of the book series: Advances in Soft Computing ((AINSC,volume 34))

Abstract

An artificial neural network with all its elements is a rather complex structure, not easily constructed and/or trained to perform a particular task. Consequently, several researchers used genetic algorithms to evolve partial aspects of neural networks, such as the weights, the thresholds, and the network architecture. Indeed, over the last decade many systems have been developed that perform total network induction. In this work it is shown how the chromosomes of Gene Expression Programming can be modified so that a complete neural network, including the architecture, the weights and thresholds, could be totally encoded in a linear chromosome. It is also shown how this chromosomal organization allows the training/adaptation of the network using the evolutionary mechanisms of selection and modification, thus providing an approach to the automatic design of neural networks. The workings and performance of this new algorithm are tested on the 6-multiplexer and on the classical exclusive-or problems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anderson, J. A. (1995), An Introduction to Neural Networks, MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Angeline, P. J., G. M. Saunders, and J. B. Pollack (1993). “An evolutionary algorithm that constructs recurrent neural networks,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 5: 54–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braun, H. and J. Weisbrod (1993), “Evolving feedforward neural networks,” In Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms, Innsbruck, Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dasgupta, D. and D. McGregor (1992), “Designing application-specific neural networks using the structured genetic algorithm,” In Proceedings of the International Conference on Combinations of Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks, pp. 87–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, C. (2001), “Gene expression programming: A new adaptive algorithm for solving problems,” Complex Systems, 13 (2): 87–129.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, C. (2002), “Genetic representation and genetic neutrality in gene expression programming,” Advances in Complex Systems, 5 (4): 389–408.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, C. (2003), “Function finding and the creation of numerical constants in gene expression programming,” In J. M. Benitez, O. Cordon, F. Hoffmann, and R. Roy, eds, Advances in Soft Computing: Engineering Design and Manufacturing, pp. 257–266, Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gruau, F., D. Whitley, and L. Pyeatt (1996), “A comparison between cellular encoding and direct encoding for genetic neural networks,” In J. R. Koza, D. E. Goldberg, D. B. Fogel, and R. L. Riolo, eds, Genetic Programming: Proceedings of the First Annual Conference, pp. 81–89, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koza, J. R. and J. P. Rice (1991), “Genetic generation of both the weights and architecture for a neural network,” In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Volume II, IEEE Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C.-H. and J.-H. Kim (1996), “Evolutionary ordered neural network with a linked-list encoding scheme,” In Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation, pp. 665–669.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mandischer, M. (1993), “Representation and evolution of neural networks,” In R. F. Albrecht, C. R. Reeves, and U. C. Steele, eds, Artificial Neural Nets and Genetic Algorithms, pp. 643–649, Springer Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maniezzo, V. (1994), “Genetic evolution of the topology and weight distribution of neural networks,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 5 (1): 39–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Opitz, D. W. and J. W. Shavlik (1997), “Connectionist theory refinement: Genetically searching the space of network topologies,” Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 6: 177–209.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Pujol, J. C. F. and R. Poli (1998), “Evolving the topology and the weights of neural networks using a dual representation,” Applied Intelligence Journal, Special Issue on Evolutionary Learning, 8(1): 73–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yao, X. and Y. Liu (1996), “Towards designing artificial neural networks by evolution,” Applied Mathematics and Computation, 91(1): 83–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, B.-T. and H. Muhlenbein (1993), “Evolving optimal neural networks using genetic algorithms with Occam’s razor,” Complex Systems, 7: 199–220.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ferreira, C. (2006). Designing Neural Networks Using Gene Expression Programming. In: Abraham, A., de Baets, B., Köppen, M., Nickolay, B. (eds) Applied Soft Computing Technologies: The Challenge of Complexity. Advances in Soft Computing, vol 34. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31662-0_40

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31662-0_40

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-31649-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31662-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics