Skip to main content

Genetic Scheduling on Minimal Processing Elements in the Grid

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 2557))

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of scheduling parallel program tasks onto computational grid to minimize the execution time of the parallel program and the number of required processing elements. This task scheduling problem is known to be NP-complete. Existing scheduling algorithms either assume a fixed number of processing elements, or generate schedules that need more processing elements than necessary, which is especially obvious when using task duplication technique. To overcome the weaknesses, we propose a genetic scheduling algorithm using task duplication. The proposed algorithm can yield schedules with shorter execution time and fewer required processing elements, and without useless task duplications. The conditions under which the algorithm performs best were highlighted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. I. Foster and C. Kesselman, editors. The Grid: Blueprint for a Future Computing Infrastucture. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, Calif., 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  2. F. Berman and R. Wolski, “the AppLeS Project: A Status Report;” Proceedings of the NEC Symposiumn on Metacomputing, May 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  3. E. Heymann, M. A. Senar, E. Luque and M. Livny, “Adaptive Scheduling for Master-Worker Applications on the Computational Grid,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1971, Springer-verlag Berlin, Berlin, pp. 214–227, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  4. D. Abramson, J. Giddy, and L. Kotler, “High Performance Parametric Modeling with Nimrod/G: Killer Application for the Global Grid?”, Proceedings of IPPD/SPPD’ 2000, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Nakada, Hidemoto, Mitsuhisa Sato, and Satoshi Sekiguchi. “Design and Implementations of Ninf: towards a Global Computing Infrastructure”. Future Generation Computer Systems, Metacomputing Issue, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Takefusa, A. “Bricks: A Performance Evaluation System for Scheduling Algorithms on the Grids”, JSPS Workshop on Applied Information Technology for Science (JWAITS 2001), January 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  7. I. Foster, and C. Kessleman. “Globus: A metacomputing infrastructure toolkit”, International Journal of Supercomputer Applications, 11(2):115–128, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. R. Wolski, N. T. Spring and J. Hayes, “The Network Weather Service: a distributed resource performance forecasting service for metacomputing,” Journal of Future Generation Computing Systems, vol. 15, October 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. D. Ullman, “NP-complete scheduling problems,” Journal of Computing System Science, vol. 10, pp. 384–393, 1975.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Gerasoulis and T. Yang, “On the granularity and clustering of directed acyclic task graphs,” IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed Systems, 4(6):686–701, 1993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. B. Kruatrachue and T. Lewis, “Grain size determination for parallel processing,” IEEE Software, pp. 23–32, Jan. 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  12. V. Sarkar, Partitioning and Scheduling Parallel Programs for Execution on Multiprocessors, Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Y.K. Kwok and I. Ahmad, “Static Scheduling Algorithms for Allocating Directed Task Graphs to Multiprocessors,” ACM Computing Surveys, 31(4):407–471, December 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Casanova, “Simgrid: a Toolkit for the Simulation of Application Scheduling,” Proceedings of the First IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid, pp. 430–437, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. Lepere and D. Trystram, “A New Clustering Algorithm for Scheduling Task Graphs with Large Communication Delays,” Proceedings of IPDPS 2002, to appear.

    Google Scholar 

  16. S. Ranaweera and D. P. Agrawal, “A Task Duplication Based Scheduling Algorithm for Heterogeneous Systems,” Proceedings of 4 th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, pp. 445–450, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Weissman, Jon. “Scheduling Multi-component Applications in Heterogenous Wide-Area Networks.” Proceedings of the 9 th Heterogeneous Computing Workshop, April 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  18. E.S.H. Hou, N. Ansari and H. Ren, “A genetic algorithm for multiprocessor scheduling,” IEEE Trans. Parallel and Distributed Systems, 5(2):113–120, 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang Q., K. H. Cheng, “List scheduling and parallel tasks,” Information Processing Letters, 37(5):78–87, 1991.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. D. E. Goldberg, et al, Genetic Algorithm in search, optimization, and machine learning (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1989).

    Google Scholar 

  21. P.M. Pardalos, and J. Xue, “The maximum clique problems,” Journal of Global Optimization, vol. 4, pp. 301–328, 1994.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. W. Yao and J. You, “Task Scheduling on Minimal Processors with Genetic Algorithms,” Proceedings of 6 th Joint Conference on Information Sciences, North Carolina: Duke University, pp.210–214, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  23. T. Tsuchiya, T. Osada, and T. Kikuno, “A new heuristic algorithm based on GAs for multiprocessor scheduling with task duplication,” 1997 3rd International Conference On Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, pp. 295–308, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  24. M. Grajcar, “Genetic List Scheduling Algorithm For Scheduling and Allocation on a Loosely Coupled Heterogeneous Multiprocessors System,” Proceedings of 36 th Design Automation Conference, pp. 280–285, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  25. H. El-Rewini, et al, “Scheduling parallel program tasks onto arbitrary target machines,” Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 9(2):138–153, 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. M.K. Dhodhi, I. Ahmad and R. Storer, “SHEMUS: systhesis of heterogeneous multiprocessor systems,” Microprocessors and Microsystems, 19(6):311–319, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Yao, W., Li, B., You, J. (2002). Genetic Scheduling on Minimal Processing Elements in the Grid. In: McKay, B., Slaney, J. (eds) AI 2002: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. AI 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2557. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36187-1_41

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36187-1_41

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00197-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36187-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics