Skip to main content

The Cognitive Effects of Delayed Visual Feedback: Working Memory Disruption While Driving in Virtual Environments

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 2117))

Abstract

Experiments that have been conducted using virtual reality based driving tasks in order to investigate the eects of delayed visual feedback are described. Results show that visual interference tasks and visual delays both have a similarly detrimental eect on performance. A potential explanation for the cognitive failures involved in delayed visual feedback isoutlined; namely adisruption to working memory. In addition tothistheoretical and experimental work a review of pertinent literature is also included along with a brief summary of our experience of using virtual reality technology in human factors experimentation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Baddeley, A.D., Grant, S., Wight, E., Thomson, N.: Imagery and visual working memory. In Rabbitt, P.M.A., Dornic, S. (eds.): Attention and Performance V. Academic Press, London (1975) 205–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Baddeley, A.D., Lieberman, K.: Spatial working memory. In Nickerson, R. (ed): Attention and Performance VII I. Erlbaum, Hillsdale NJ. (1980) 521–539

    Google Scholar 

  • Baddeley A.D.: Working Memory. Clarendon Press, Oxford, England (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, R.E., Knotts, L.H.: Eect of time delay on manual flight control and flying qualitiesduring in-flight and ground-based simulation. In Proceedings of the AIAA Flight Simulation Technologies Conference 87–2370 (1987) 30³8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biel, W.C., Warrick, M.J.: Studies in perception of time delay. The American Psychologist 4 (1949) 303

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, L.R.: Spatial and verbal components in the act of recall. Canadian Journal of Psychology 22 (1968) 349–368

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Day, P.N.: An investigation into the eects of delays in visual feedback on real-time system users. In Sasse, M.A. and Johnson, C. (eds.): Human-Computer Interaction INTERACT’ 99. IOS Press, Oxford (1999a) 674–675

    Google Scholar 

  • Day, P.N., Holt, P., Russell, G.T.: Modeling the Eects of Delayed Visual Feedback in Real-Time Operator Control Loops: A Cognitive Perspective. In Proceedings of the XVIII European Annual Conference on Human Decision Making and Manual Control. Group D Publications Ltd (1999b) 70–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Day, P.N., Holt, P., Russell, G.T.: A Comparison of Real and Virtual Worldsfor Human Factors Experimentation. In Hollands, R. (ed.): Proceedings of the Seventh UK VR-SIG Conference UK VR-SIG (2000) 159–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Foxboro Co.: Studies in aided tracking. Nat. Def. Res. Comm. Rep. No. 25, Mem. to Div. 7(1945)

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank, L.H., Casali, J.G., Wierwille, W.W.: Eectsof visual display and motion system delays on operator performance and uneasiness in a driving simulator. Human Factors 30(2) (1987) 201–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Garvey, W.D., Sweeney, J.S., Birmingham, H.P.: Dierential eect of ⧀splay lags” and control lags” on the performance of manual tracking systems. Journal of Experimental Psychology 56(1) (1958) 8–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B.S.: Articial stutter. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 16 (1951) 53–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, A., Tharp, G., French, L., Lai, S., Stark, L.: Some of what one needs to know about using head-mounted displays to improve teleoperator performance. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation 9(5) (1993) 638–648

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, K.U.: Delayed Sensory Feedback and Behaviour. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, T.J., Smith, K.U.: Feedback-Control Mechanisms of Human Behaviour. In Salvendy, G. (ed.): Handbook of Human Factors. John Wiley, New York (1987) 251–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Warrick, M.J.: Eect of transmission-type control lags on tracking accuracy. USAF Air. Mat. Com. 5916 (1949)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Day, P.N., Holt, P.O., Russell, G.T. (2001). The Cognitive Effects of Delayed Visual Feedback: Working Memory Disruption While Driving in Virtual Environments. In: Beynon, M., Nehaniv, C.L., Dautenhahn, K. (eds) Cognitive Technology: Instruments of Mind. CT 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2117. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44617-6_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44617-6_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-42406-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-44617-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics