Abstract
We consider a form of phenotype plasticity in Genetic Programming (GP). This takes the form of a set of real-valued numerical parameters associated with each individual, an optimisation (or learning) algorithm for adapting their values, and an inheritance strategy for propagating learned parameter values to offspring. We show that plastic GP has significant benefits including faster evolution and adaptation in changing environments compared with non-plastic GP. The paper also considers the differences between Darwinian and Lamarckian inheritance schemes and shows that the former is superior in dynamic environments.
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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Esparcia-Alcázar, A., Sharman, K. (1999). Phenotype Plasticity in Genetic Programming: A Comparison of Darwinian and Lamarckian Inheritance Schemes. In: Poli, R., Nordin, P., Langdon, W.B., Fogarty, T.C. (eds) Genetic Programming. EuroGP 1999. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1598. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48885-5_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48885-5_5
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