Skip to main content

An inferencing language for automated spatial reasoning about graphic entities

  • Reasoning about Spatial Relations
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 951))

Abstract

A method is proposed for automated reasoning about graphic entities. First, a formal representation scheme is suggested for persistently storing graphic information as fundamental graphic entity types. Next, fundamental relationships between these types are identified. A formal, graphic entity reasoning based inference language (GERBIL) is then presented to implement the relationships. An architecture is proposed, linking a computer graphic system for persistent entity storage with a knowledge based system shell for inferencing. A prototype system, Dafne, demonstrates proof of principle.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Arnold, D.B. and D.A. Duce (1990). ISO Standards for Computer Graphics: The First Generation. Butterworths, London, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Booch, G. (1991). Object Oriented Design with Applications, the Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co., New York, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandrasekaran, B. and N.H. Narayanan (1992). “Perceptual Representation and Reasoning.” Working Notes of the Spring Symposium of Reasoning with Diagrammatic Representations, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University, March 25–27, 1992, Stanford, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egenhofer, M. J. and R. D. Franzosa (1991). “Point-Set Topological Spatial Relations.” Geographical Information Systems, 5(2), 161–174, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foley, J. D., et al (1990). Computer Graphics Principles and Practice, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., NY, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Genesereth, M.R. and N.J. Nilsson (1987). Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann Pub., Los Altos, CA, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • GDSC (1995). GDS software documentation, version 5.4, Graphic Data Systems Corp., Englewood, CO, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, P. D. (1989). “Visual Reply to Map-Related Queries — A Free Space Graph Approach.” 1989 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages, 92–8, October 4–6, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchinson, S. A., R. L. Cromwell and A. C. Kak (1989). “Applying Uncertainty Reasoning to Model Based Object Recognition.” Proceedings CVPR '89 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 541–8, June 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jungert, E. (1989). “Symbolic Expressions Within a Spatial Algebra: Unification and Impact Upon Spatial Reasoning.” 1989 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages, 157–162, October 4–6, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kapur, D. and J. L. Mundy, ed. (1989). “Geometric Reasoning and Artificial Intelligence: Introduction to the Special Volume.” Geometric Reasoning, 1–11, MIT Press, Cambridge MA, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosslyn, S. M. (1987). “Seeing and Imagining in the Cerebral Hemispheres: A Computational Approach.” In Readings in Cognitive Science: A Perspective from Psychology and Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San Mateo, CA, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuipers, B. J. and T. S. Levitt (1988). “Navigation and Mapping in Large-Scale Space.” AI Magazine, 9(2), 25–43, Summer 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Latecki, L. and S. Pribbenow (1992). “Combining Depictorial and Propositional Inferences for Processing Spatial Expressions.” Working Notes of the Spring Symposium on Reasoning with Diagrammatic Representations, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University, March 25–27, 1992, Stanford, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luger, G.F. and W.A. Stubblefield (1989). Artificial Intelligence and the Design of Expert Systems, the Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co., New York, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marefat, M. and R. L. Kashyap (1990). “Geometric Reasoning for Recognition of Three-Dimensional Object Features.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(10), 949–65, October 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, J. R. (1989). “Architectural Issues in Solid Modelers.” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 9(5), 72–87, September 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukerjee, A. and G. Joe (1989). “Representing Spatial Relations Between Arbitrarily Oriented Objects.” MIV-89 Proceedings of the International Workshop in Industrial Applications of Machine Intelligence and Vision, 288-91, April 10–21, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narayanan, N. H. (1992). Preface to Working Notes of the Spring Symposium on Reasoning with Diagrammatic Representations, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University, March 25–27, 1992, Stanford, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neuron Data (1990). Nexpert Object software documentation, version 2.0, Neuron Data Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1981). “The Imagery Debate: Analogue Media Versus Tacit Knowledge.” In Readings in Cognitive Science: A Perspective from Psychology and Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., San Mateo, CA, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samet, H. and R. E. Webber (1988). “Hierarchical Data Structures and Algorithms for Computer Graphics.” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 48–68, May, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarponcini, Paul (1992). An Inferencing Language System for Automated Graphic Reasoning, UMI, Ann Arbor, MI, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarponcini, P., D.C. St Clair and G.W. Zobrist (1993). “Fundamental Graphic Entity Types to Support Graphic Reasoning” presented at InterSymp93, Baden-Baden, Germany, August 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schley, M. K., ed. (1990). “CAD Layer Guidelines: Recommended Designations for Architecture, Engineering, and Facility Management Computer-Aided Design. American Institute of Architects Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherer, A. D., B. S. Stanojevich, and R. J. Bowman (1990). “SMALS: A Novel Database for Two-Dimensional Object Location.” IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 9(1), 57–65, January, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stillings, N. A., et. al. (1987). Cognitive Science An Introduction. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, E. L., M. Herman, and T. Kanade (1988). “A Framework for Representing and Reasoning About Three-Dimensional Objects for Vision.” AI Magazine, 9(2), Summer 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodbury, R. F. and I. J. Oppenheim (1988). “An Approach to Geometric Reasoning in Robotics.” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 24(5), 630–46, September, 1988

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Max J. Egenhofer John R. Herring

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Scarponcini, P., Clair, D.C.S., Zobrist, G.W. (1995). An inferencing language for automated spatial reasoning about graphic entities. In: Egenhofer, M.J., Herring, J.R. (eds) Advances in Spatial Databases. SSD 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 951. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60159-7_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60159-7_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-60159-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49536-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics