Abstract
High speed networks provide sufficient bandwidth for VBR video applications. Interactive point to point video such as tele-teaching needs a reduced gap between the coding and decoding procedures in software based tools. Efficient algorithms for video coding do not satisfy this requirement.
This paper presents a video compression algorithm based on multi dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform and particularly suited to interactive video. This algorithm offers stable and equivalent computation delay for both coding and decoding procedures along with a satisfactory network bandwidth consumption.
First we give the design elements from both the network and the software point of view. We describe then the idea behind the extension of bi-dimensional to three-dimensional transform. Then we show the gain achieved in network bandwidth by the algorithm compared to conventional video compression techniques. We give finally the computational complexity and image quality for different classes of video clips.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
N. Ahmed, T. Natarajan, and K. Rao. Discrete Cosine Transform. IEEE Computer Transactions C-23:90–93 (1974).
A. Bascurt, R. Goutte. 3 Dimensional Image Compression by Discrete Cosine Transform. Proceedings of Eurasip 88, Elsevier Publisher (Norh-Holland)
O.E. Besset, W. Shaming. A two dimensional discrete cosime transform video bandwidth compression system. “NAECON”. Dayton OH. May 1980.
W. Chen, C. Smith, S. Fralick. A Fast Computational Algorithm for the Discrete Cosine Transform. No. 25 IEEE Transactions on Communications (1004–1009) 1977.
CCITT SG XV Working Party XV/1. Experts group on ATM Video Coding. Coded Representation of Picture and Audio Informatio. MPEG 92/N0245.
R. Cruz. A Calculus for Network Delay, Part I: Networks Elements in Isolation. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol 37, No. 1. January 1991.
D. Le Gall. MPEG: A Video Compression Standard for Multimedia Applications. Communications of the ACM, 4(34): 305–313, April 1991.
Recommendation H.261. Video Coder for audiovisual services at p* 64 Kbits/sec. CCITT White Book 1990.
M. Hamdi, D. Curet, J. Roberts, G. Madec, Statistical Multiplexing of VBR MPEG2 streams. Contribuion to ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC29/WG11, Singapore Nov. 1994.
M. Hamdi, P. Rolin, Resources Requirements for VBR Mpeg Traffic in Interactive Applications, Cost237 Conference On Multimedia Transport and Teleservices, Vienna. Springer-Verlag LNCS 882. Nov. 1994.
H-C. Huang, Huang J-H, J-L Wu. Real-Time Software-Based Video Coder for Multimedia Communication Systems. Proceedings of the First ACM Multimedia Conference. 1993.
ISO-IEC/JTC1/SC29/WGII, MPEG Test Model II. July 1992.
ITU-T. traffic Control and Resource Management in B-ISDN. I-371 Recommendation. 1992.
J.W. Modestino, D.G. Daut, A. H. Vickus. Combined Source Channel coding of images using the Block cosine Transform IEEE Transactions on Communications. Vol. Com29 pp 1261–1274, Sept 1981.
Le Moign. Architecture des services multimédias sur réseau ATM. ATM Developments'94. Rennes France. March 1994.
R. Natarajan. On Interframe Transform Coding. IEEE Transactions on Communications Vol. Com.25 No. 11 Nov.77.
P. Pancha and M. El Zarki. Bandwidth Requirements of Variable Bit Rate MPEG Sources in ATM Networks. In INFOCOM'93, pages 902–909. IEEE Computer Society Press Los Alamitos, California, March 1993.
K. R. Rao P. Yip. Discrete Cosine Transform. Algorithms, Advantages and Applications. Academic Press, Inc. Harcouet Brace Jovanovich, Publishers. 1990.
J. Roese, W. Pratt, G. Robinson. Interframe Cosine Transform Image Coding. IEEE Transactions on Communications Vol. Com.25 No. 11 Nov.77.
S. Travert. Le Transport de flux de données MPEG2 sur réseau ATM. ATM Developments'94. Rennes France. March 1994.
T. Turletti. H.261 Software Codec for Videoconferencing over the Internet. INRIA Report 1834. Inria Sophia Antipolis. January 1993.
G. Wallace The Jpeg Still Pictures Compression Standard. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 34. No. 4. pp 33–40, April 91.
M.W. Garrett and W. Willinger. Analysis, Modeling and Generation of Self-Similar VBR Video Traffic. In Proceedings of SigComm. ACM, September 1994.
I.Norros, J.Roberts, A.Simonian, and J.Virtamo. The Superposition of Variable Bit Rate Sources in an ATM Multiplexer. To appear in IEEE JSAC special issue, April 1991.
H. Kroner. Statistical multiplexing of sporadic sources — exact and approximate performance analysis. In ITC-13, Copenhagen. Elsevier Science Publisher B.V. (North-Holland), 1991.
J. Beran, R. Sherman, M. S. Taqqu, and W. Willinger. Variable-Bit-Rate Video traffic and Long-Range Dependence. Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Communications, 1992.
B. Bensaou, B. Guibert, J. Roberts and A. Simonian. Performance of an ATM Multiplexer in the Fluid Approximation using the Benes Approach. Annals of Operation Research, 49:137–160, 1994.
I.Norros. A Storage System with Self-similar Input. Queueing Systems 1994.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hamdi, M., Afifi, H., Rolin, P., Rojas, L.M. (1996). Designing point-to-point interactive video applications. In: Hutchison, D., Christiansen, H., Coulson, G., Danthine, A. (eds) Teleservices and Multimedia Communications. COST237 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1052. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61028-6_29
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-61028-6_29
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-61028-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49849-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive