Abstract
Searching is one of the most important algorithmic problems, used as a subroutine in many applications. Accordingly, designing search algorithms is in the center of research on data structures since decades. In this paper we aim to survey recent developments in designing parallel search algorithms where parallel machines are used to answer many search queries in parallel, so called multisearch algorithms. We briefly describe the current state of multisearch algorithms based on hashing and binary search, as they are developed for abstract parallel models like the PRAM. The main part of the paper describes deterministic and randomized multisearch algorithms that are very communication efficient. As a computation and cost model we employ Valiant's BSP model and its variant BSP* due to Bäumker et al.
This research was supported by the EC Esprit Long Term Research Project 20244 (ALCOM-IT) and by DFG-Sonderforschungsbereich 376 “Massive Parallelität: Algorithmen, Entwurfsmethoden, Anwendungen”.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
G.M. Adel'son-Velskii and Y.M. Landis, An Algorithm for the organization of information, Soviet Math. Dokl., 3 (1962) 1259–1262.
A. Aggarwal, A.K. Chandra and M. Snir, On communication latency in PRAM computations, in: Proc. ACM Symp. on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures (1989) 11–21.
M.J. Atallah, F. Dehne, R. Miller, A. Rau-Chaplin and J.-J. Tsay, Multisearch techniques for implementing data structures on a mesh-connected computer, in: Proc. ACM Symp. on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures (1991) 204–214.
M.J. Atallah and A. Fabri, On the multisearching problem for hypercubes, in: Parallel Architectures and Languages Europe (1994).
A. Bäumker, W. Dittrich, and F. Meyer auf der Heide, Truly efficient parallel algorithms: c-optimal multisearch for an extension of the BSP model, in: Proc. European Symposium on Algorithms (1995) 17–30.
A. Bäumker, W. Dittrich, and F. Meyer auf der Heide, Truly efficient parallel algorithms: 1-optimal multisearch for an extension of the BSP model, Technical Report No. tr-rsfb-96-008, Universität-Gesamthochschule Paderborn (1996), accepted for Theoretical Computer Science.
A. Bäumker, W. Dittrich, A. Pietracaprina, The deterministic complexity of parallel multisearch, in: Proc. 5th SWAT (1996).
A. Bäumker and W. Dittrich, Fully dynamic search trees for an extension of the BSP model, in: Proc. 8th SPAA (1996) 233–242.
A. Bäumker, W. Dittrich, F. Meyer auf der Heide and I. Rieping, Realistic parallel algorithms: Priority queue operations and selection for the BSP* model, in: Proc. of 2nd Euro-Par (1996).
J.L. Carter and M.N. Wegman, Universal classes of hash functions, J. Comput. Syst. Sci., 18 (1979) 143–154.
T.H. Cormen, C.E. Leiserson and R.L. Rivest, Introduction to Algorithms (MIT Press, Massachusetts, 1990).
D. Culler, R. Karp, D. Patterson, A. Sahay, K.E. Schauser, E. Santos, R. Subramonian and T. von Eicken, LogP: Towards a realistic model of parallel computation, in: Proc. ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming (1993).
F. Dehne, A. Fabri and A. Rau-Chaplin, Scalable parallel computational geometry for coarse grained multicomputers, in: Proc. ACM Conference on Comp. Geometry (1993).
M. Dietzfelbinger, A. Karlin, K. Mehlhorn, F. Meyer auf der Heide, H. Rohnert and R.E. Tarjan, Dynamic Perfect Hashing: Upper and Lower Bounds, SIAM J. Comput, Vol. 23, No. 4 (1994) 738–761.
M. Dietzfelbinger and F. Meyer auf der Heide, A new universal class of hash functions and dynamic hashing in real time, in: Proc. 17th ICALP (1990) 6–19. Final version in: J. Buchmann, H. Ganzinger and W.J. Paul, eds., Informatik Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Günter Hotz (Teubner, Stuttgart, 1992) 95–119.
M.L. Fredman, J. Komlós, E. Szemeredi, Storing a sparse table with O(1) worst case time, in: Proc. 23nd. FOCS, (1982), 165–169.
A.V. Gerbessiotis and L. Valiant, Direct Bulk-Synchronous Parallel Algorithms, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing (1994).
M.T. Goodrich, Randomized fully-scalable BSP techniques for multi-searching and convex hull construction, in: 8th SODA (1997).
W. Hoeffding, Probability inequalities for sums of bounded random variables, American Statistical Association Journal (1963) 13–30.
J. JáJá, An Introduction to Parallel Algorithms (Addison-Wesley, 1992).
B.H.H. Juurlink, P.S. Rao and J.F. Sibeyn, Worm-hole gossiping on meshes, in: Proc. Euro-Par'96, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. I (Springer, Berlin, 1996) 361–369.
D.E. Knuth, The Art of computer Programming, Vol. 1: Fundamental Algorithms (Addison-Wesley, 1968).
C.P. Kruskal, L. Rudolph and M. Snir, A complexity theory of efficient parallel algorithms, in: Proc. 15th Int. Coll. on Automata, Languages, and Programming (1988) 333–346.
W.F. McColl, The BSP approach to architecture independent parallel programming, Technical Report, Oxford University Computing Laboratory, 1S94.
K. Mehlhorn, Data Structures and Algorithms 1: Sorting and Searching (Springer, Berlin, 1984).
F. Meyer auf der Heide, C. Scheideier and V. Stemann, Exploiting storage redundancy to speed up randomized shared memory simulations, Theoretical Computer Science 162 (1996) 245–281.
A. Czumaj, F. Meyer auf der Heide and V. Stemann, Shared Memory Simulations with Triple-Logarithmic Delay, in: in: Proc. European Symposium on Algorithms (1995).
W. Paul, U. Vishkin and H. Wagener, Parallel dictionaries on 2–3 trees, in: Proc. of the 10th ICALP (1983) 597–609.
A. Pietracaprina and G. Pucci, Tight bounds on deterministic PRAM emulations with constant redundancy, in: Proc. 2nd European Symposium on algorithms (1994) 319–400.
Abhiram Ranade, Maintaining dynamic ordered sets on processor networks, in: Proc. 4th ACM Symp. on Parallel Algorithms and Architectures (1992) 127–137.
J.H. Reif and S. Sen, Randomized algorithms for binary search and load balancing on fixed connection networks with geometric applications, SIAM J. Comput., Vol. 23, No. 3 (1994) 633–651.
R. Tamassia and J.S. Vitter, Optimal cooperative search in fractional cascaded data structures, in: Proc. ACM Symp. Computational Geometry (1990) 307–315.
L. Valiant, A Bridging Model for parallel Computation, Communications of the-ACM, Vol. 33, No. 8 (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bäumker, A., auf der Heide, F.M. (1997). Communication efficient parallel searching. In: Bilardi, G., Ferreira, A., Lüling, R., Rolim, J. (eds) Solving Irregularly Structured Problems in Parallel. IRREGULAR 1997. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1253. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63138-0_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63138-0_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63138-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69157-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive