Abstract
RoboCup is an attempt to foster AI and intelligent robotics research by providing a standard problem where wide range of technologies can be integrated and examined. The first RoboCup competition was held at IJCAI-97, Nagoya. In order for a robot team to actually perform a soccer game, various technologies must be incorporated including: design principles of autonomous agents, multi-agent collaboration, strategy acquisition, real-time reasoning, robotics, and sensorfusion. RoboCup is a task for a team of multiple fast-moving robots under a dynamic environment. Although RoboCup's final target is a world cup with real robots, RoboCup offers a software platform for research on the software aspects of RoboCup. This paper describes technical challenges involved in RoboCup, rules, and simulation environment.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
P. Agre and D. Chapman. Pengi: An implementation of a theory of activity. In Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-87), pp. 268–272, 1987.
Y. Aloimonos. “Rply: What i have learned”. CVGIP: Image Understanding, 60:1:74–85, 1994.
M. Asada, S. Noda, and K. Hosoda. Action-based sensor space categorization for robot learning. In Proc. of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems 1996 (IROS96), pages ???–???, 1996.
M. Asada, S. Noda, S. Tawaratsumida. and K. Hosoda. Vision-based reinforcement learning for purposive behavior acquisition. In Proc. o f IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pages 146–153, 1995.
M. Asada, S. Noda, S. Tawaratsumida, and K. Hosoda. “Purposive behavior acquisition on a real robot by vision-based reinforcement learning”. In Proc. of MLC-COLT (Machine Learning Conference and Computer Learning Theory) Workshop on Robot Learning, pages 1–9, 1994.
M. Asada, E. Uchibe, S. Noda, S. Tawaratsumida, and K. Hosoda. “coordination of multiple behaviors acquired by vision-based reinforcement learning”. In Proc. of IEEE/RSJ/GI International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems 1994 (IROS '94), pages 917–924, 1994.
M. Benda, V. Jagannathan, and R. Dodhiawalla. On Optimal Cooperation of Knowledge Sources. Technical Report BCS-G2010-28, Boeing AI Center, 1985.
R. Brooks, “A robust layered control system for a mobile robot,” IEEE J. Robotics and Automation, RA-2, 14–23, April, 1986.
J. H. Connel and S. Mahadevan. “Rapid task learning for real robot”. In J. H. Connel and S. Mahadevan, editors, Robot Learning, chapter 5. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
J. H. Connel and S. Mahadevan, editors. Robot Learning. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
X. Tu, and D. Terzopoulos, “Artificial Fishes: Physics, Locomotion, Perception, Behavior,” Proc. of SIG GRAPH-94, Orland, Florida, July 24–29, pp43–49, 1994.
E. Durfee and V. Lesser. Using Partial Global Plans to Coordinate Distributed Problem Solvers. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-87), 1987.
M. Fujita and K. Kageyama,An Open Architecture; for Entertainment Robot. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents, 1997.
L. Gasser, N. Rouquette, R. Hill, and J. Lieb. Representing and Using Organizational Knowledge in Distributed AI Systems. In Les Gasser and Michael N. Huhns, editors, Distributed Artificial Intelligence, Volume II, pp. 55–78. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc., 1989.
T. Ishida and R. Korf. Moving Target Search. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-91), pp. 204–210, 1991.
Kennedy, J. F., “Urgent National Needs,” Speech. to a Joint Session. of Congress, 25 May 1961, Congressional Record — House (25 May 1961) p.8276.
D. Kinny and M. Georgeff. Commitment and Effectiveness of Situated Agents. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-91), pp. 82–88, 1991.
H. Kitano, B. Wah, L. Hunter, R. Oka, T. Yokoi, and W. Hahn, “Grand Challenge AI Applications,” In Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-93), 1993.
R. Korf. Planning as Search: A Quantitative Approach. Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp.65–88, 1987.
R. Korf. A Simple Solution to Pursuit Games. In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence, 1992.
V. Lesser and L. Erman. Distributed Interpretation: A Model and Experiment. IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. 29, No. 12, pp.1144–1163, 1980.
R. Levy and J. Rosenschein. A Game Theoretic Approach to Distributed Artificial Intelligence. In Eric Werner and Yves Demazeau, editors, Decentralized A.I.3. Elsevier/North Holland, 1992.
P. Maes. Situated agents can have goals. In Pattie Maes, editor, Designing Autonomous Agents: Theory and Practice from Biology to Engineering and Back, pp. 49–70. The MIT Press, 1991.
M. J. Mataric. Learning to behave socially. In Proc. of the 3rd Int. Conf. on Simulation and Adaptive Behaviors — From animals to animats 3 —, pages 453–462, 1994.
D. McDermott. Planning and Action. Cognitive Science, Vol. 2, pp.71–110, 1978.
I. Nourbaaksh, et al., The Winning Robots from the 1993 Robot Competition. The AI Magazine, Vol. 14, No. 4, 51–62, The AAAI Press, 1993.
E. Osawa. A Metalevel Coordination Strategy for Reactive Cooperative Planning. In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems, 1995.
M. Pollack and M. Ringuette. Introducing the Tileworld: Experimentally Evaluating Agent Architectures. In Proceedings of the Eighth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-90), pp. 183–189, 1990.
A. A. Rizzi and D. E. Koditschek. Further progress in robot juggling: The spatial two-juggle. In Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pages 919–924, 1993.
M. K. Sahota. Reactive deliberation: An architecture for real-time intelligent control in dynamic environments. In Proc. of AAAI-94, pages 1303–1308, 1994.
S. Schaal and C. G. Atkeson. Robot learning by nonparametric regression. In Proc. of IEEE/RSJ/GI International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems 1994 (IROS '94), pages 478–485, 1994.
L. Stephens and M. Merx. Agent Organization as an Effector of DAI System Performance. In Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence, pp. 263–292, 1989.
P. Stone, and M. Veloso, “Beating a defender in robotic soccer: Memory-based learning of a continuous function,” In David S. Tourtzky, Michael C. Mozer, and Michael E. Hasselmo, editors, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 8, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 1996.
M. Tambe, “Tracking Dynamic Team Activity ” In Proceedings of AAAI-96, Portland, 1996.
E. Uchibe, M. Asada, and K. Hosoda. Reasonable performance in less learning time by real robot based on incremental state space segmentation. In Proc. of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems 1996 (IROS96), pages ???–???, 1996.
E. Uchibe, M. Asada, and K. Hosoda. Behavior coordination for a mobile robot using modular reinforcement learning. In Proc. of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems 1996 (IROS96), pages ???–???, 1996.
H. Watanabe, Y. Nihna, y. Masutani, and F. Miyazaki. Vision-based motion control for a hitting task — hanetsuki —. In Proc. of IEEE/RSJ/GI International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems 1994 (IROS '94), pages 910–916, 1994.
S. D. Whitehead and D. H. Ballard. “Active perception and reinforcement learning”. In Proc. of Workshop on Machine Learning-1990, pages 179–188, 1990.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kitano, H., Asada, M., Kuniyoshi, Y., Noda, I., Osawai, E., Matsubara, H. (1998). RoboCup: A challenge problem for AI and robotics. In: Kitano, H. (eds) RoboCup-97: Robot Soccer World Cup I. RoboCup 1997. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1395. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64473-3_46
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-64473-3_46
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64473-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69789-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive