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Earthquake Engineering, Non-linear Problems in

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Abbreviations

Meta‐stability of man‐made structures :

is the consequence of their upright construction above ground. For excessive dynamic (earthquake) loads, when the lateral deflection exceeds some critical value (this is normally accompanied by softening nonlinear behavior of the structural members), the overturning moment of the gravity forces becomes larger than the restoring moment, and the structure becomes unstable and moves exponentially toward collapse.

Complex and evolving structural systems :

are structures with a large number of degrees of freedom and many structural members, which for given loads experience softening nonlinear deformations. During strong excitation, continuous changes (typically decreases) in effective stiffness and time‐dependent changes in boundary conditions result in a system whose properties are changing with time.

Soil–structure interaction :

is a process in which the soil and the structure contribute to mutual deformations while undergoing dynamic response. In time, with continuously changing contact area between the foundation and the soil (opening and closing of gaps), when the deformations are large, soil–structure interaction is characterized by nonlinear geometry and nonlinear material properties in both the soil and in the structure.

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA

    Mihailo D. Trifunac

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    Robert A. Meyers Ph. D. (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

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Trifunac, M.D. (2009). Earthquake Engineering, Non-linear Problems in. In: Meyers, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_148

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