Definition
Members of the equivalence class of convex Lambertian surfaces that produce the same set of orthographic images under arbitrary combinations of distant point light sources are related by elements of a three-parameter subgroup of G L(3), called generalized bas-relief (GBR) transformations. This inherent ambiguity in determining the three-dimensional shape of an object from shading and shadow information is called the bas-relief ambiguity.
Background
For a surface f(x, y), the GBR-transformed surface is given by \(\bar{f}(x,y) =\mu x +\nu y +\lambda f(x,y)\), where \(\mu ,\nu \in \mathbb{R}\) and \(\lambda \in \mathbb{R}_{++}\). The orthographic image of an object with Lambertian reflectance, illuminated by an arbitrary set of distant point light sources, remains unchanged when the object shape is...
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Chandraker, M. (2014). Bas-Relief Ambiguity. In: Ikeuchi, K. (eds) Computer Vision. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-31439-6_542
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-31439-6_542
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