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Encyclopedia of Database Systems pp 620–621Cite as

Data Rank/Swapping

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Synonyms

Data swapping; Rank swapping

Definition

Data swapping was originally designed by Dalenius and Reiss [1] as a masking method for statistical disclosure control of databases containing only categorical attributes. The basic idea behind the method is to transform a database by exchanging values of confidential attributes among individual records. Records are exchanged in such a way that low-order frequency counts or marginals are maintained.

Rank swapping is a variant of data swapping [2,3]. First, values of an attribute X i are ranked in ascending order, then each ranked value of X i is swapped with another ranked value randomly chosen within a restricted range (e.g., the rank of two swapped values cannot differ by more than p% of the total number of records, where p is an input parameter). This algorithm is independently used on each original attribute in the original data set.

Key Points

It is reasonable to expect that multivariate statistics computed from data swapped with...

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Recommended Reading

  1. Dalenius T. and Reiss S.P. Data-swapping: a technique for disclosure control (extended abstract). In Proc. ASA Section on Survey Research Methods. American Statistical Association, Washington DC, 1978, pp. 191–194.

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  2. Domingo-Ferrer J. and Torra V. A quantitative comparison of disclosure control methods for microdata. In Confidentiality, Disclosure and Data Access: Theory and Practical Applications for Statistical Agencies. P. Doyle, J.I. Lane, J.J.M. Theeuwes, and L. Zayatz (eds.). Amsterdam, North-Holland, 2001, pp. 111–134.

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  3. Hundepool A., Van de Wetering A., Ramaswamy R., Franconi F., Polettini S., Capobianchi A., De Wolf P.-P., Domingo-Ferrer J., Torra V., Brand R. and Giessing S. μ-Argus User's Manual version 4.1, February 2007.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia

    Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Authors
  1. Josep Domingo-Ferrer
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 266 Ferst Drive, 30332-0765, Atlanta, GA, USA

    LING LIU (Professor) (Professor)

  2. Database Research Group David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    M. TAMER ÖZSU (Professor and Director, University Research Chair) (Professor and Director, University Research Chair)

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© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Domingo-Ferrer, J. (2009). Data Rank/Swapping. In: LIU, L., ÖZSU, M.T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Database Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-39940-9_1497

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