Abstract
A set of principles are developed to explain how general information processing is carried out in the brain. These involve sub-cortical sites to help create specific control structures to achieve active responses to inputs and to develop memory systems for more effective responses to the environment. Consciousness and thinking are regarded as top-level processes created by suitable attentionally driven brain structures which are identified mainly in posterior and anterior sites respectively. In particular a specific neural model, the CODAM model, is developed to explain consciousness. Experimental evidence for the principles and their neural adumbrations are briefly surveyed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alavi, F., Taylor, J.G. (1995) A global competitive neural network. Biol. Cybernetics 72: 233–248.
Alexander, G.E., DeLong, M.R., Strick, P.L. (1986) Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annual Reviews of Neuroscience 9: 357–381.
Austin, J.H. (1998) Zen and the Brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Baars, B. (1988) A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Baddeley, A. (1986) Working Memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bapi, R., Bugmann, G., Levine, D., Taylor, J.G. (1998) Analysing the Executive Function of the Prefrontal System: Towards a Network Theory. Behaviour and Brain Sciences (submitted).
Cabeza, R., Nyburg, L. (1997) Imaging cognition. J. Cog. Neuroscience 9: 1–26.
Chomsky, N. (1957) Syntactic Structure. New York: Mouton Press.
Crick, F.H.C. (1994) The Astonishing Hypothesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Crick, F., Koch, C. (1998a) Consciousness and neuroscience. Cerebral Cortex 8: 97–107.
Crick, F., Koch, C. (1998b) Constraints on cortical and thalamic projections: The no-strong-loops hypothesis. Nature 491: 245–250.
Damasio, A.R. (1994) Descarte’s Error. New York: Putnam.
Dennett, D.C. (1991) Consciousness Explained. New York: Little Brown.
Felleman, D.J., Van Essen, D.C. (1991) Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cereb. Cortex 1: 1–47.
Fellenz W., Taylor J.G. (1998) Enhancing the storage capacity of linear associative memories (in preparation).
Freeman, W. (1998) Contribution to the La Jolla workshop.
Greenfield, P. (1991) Language, tools and brain: The ontogeny and phylogeny of hierarchically organised sequential behaviour. Behavioural and Brain Sciences. 14: 531–595.
Halgren, E. (1994) Physiological integration of the Declarative Memory System. In: J. Delacour (Ed.) The Memory System of the Brain. Singapore: World Scientific, pp. 69–152.
He, S., Cavanagh, P., Intrilligator, J. (1996) Attentional resultion and the locus of visual awareness. Nature 383: 334–337.
Hecht-Nielsen, R. (1998) Contribution to the La Jolla workshop.
Karhunen, J., Oja, E., Wang, L., Vigario, R., Joutsenalo, J. (1997) A class of neural networks for independent component analysis. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 8(3).
Markram, H. (1998) Contribution to the La Jolla workshop.
Marr, D. (1982) Vision. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co.
Mesulam, M.M. (1998) From sensation to cognition. Brain 121: 1013–1052.
Moll, M., Miikulainen, R. (1997) Convergence-zone episodic memory: Analysis and simulations. Neural Networks 10: 1017–1036.
Nagel, T. (1974) What is it like to be a bat? Philosophical Review 83: 435–450.
Panskepp, J. (1998) Affective Neuroscience. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pollen, D. (1999) On the neural correlates of visual perception. Cerebral Cortex 9: 4–19.
Posner, M., Raichle, M.E. (1994) Images of Mind. New York: Scientific American Library.
Schmitz, N., Taylor, J.G., Shah, N.J., Ziemons, K., Gruber, O., Grosse-Ruyken, M.L., Mueller-Gaertner, H.-W. (1998) The search for awareness by the motion after-effect. Proceedings of the Conference on Human Brain Mapping 1998, Neurolmage.
Shoemaker, S. (1968) Self-reference and self awareness. Journal of Philosophy 65: 556–579.
Smith, E.E., Jonides, J., Marshuetz, C., Koeppe, R.A. (1998) Components of verbal working memory: Evidence from neuroimaging. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 95: 876–882.
Taylor, J.G. (1995) Modelling the mind by PSYCHE. In: F. Soulie, P. Gallinari (Eds.) Proceedings International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks. Paris: EC2 & Co.
Taylor, J.G. (1998) Cortical activity and the explanatory gap. Consciousness and Cognition 7: 109–148 and 216-237.
Taylor, J.G. (1999) The Race for Consciousness. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Taylor, J.G. (2000) The central representation: The where, what and how of consciousness. In: K.E. White (Ed.) The Emergence of Mind: Proc. Int. Symposium. Milan: Carlo Erba Fondazione, pp. 149–170.
Taylor, J.G. (2001) The importance of the parietal lobes for consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition 10: 379–417 and 421-424.
Taylor, J.G. (2002a) Consciousness: Neural Models of. In M. Arbib (Ed.) Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Computation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Taylor, J.G. (2002b) Paying attention to consciousness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 6: 206–210.
Taylor, J.G., Jaencke, L., Schmitz, N., Himmelbach, M., Mueller-Gaertner, H.-W. (1998) The three-stage model for awareness: Formulation and experimental support. NeuroReport 9: 1789–1792.
Taylor, J.G., Rogers, M. (2002) Simulating the movement of attention. Neural Networks (in press).
Taylor, J.G., Schmitz, N., Ziemons, K., Grosse-Ruyken, M.-L., Gruber, O., Mueller-Gaertner, H.-W., Shah, N.J. (2000a) The network of brain areas involved in the motion after-effect. Neurolmage 11: 257–270.
Taylor, J.G., Krause, B., Shah, N.J., Horwitz, B., Mueller-Gaertner H.,-W., (2000b) On the relation between brain images and brain neural networks. Human Brain Mapping 9: 165–182.
Taylor, J.G., Schmitz, N., Fellenz, W. (in preparation).
Taylor, N.R., Taylor, J.G. (1998) Experimenting with models of the frontal lobes. In: D. Heinke, G.W. Humphreys, A. Olson (Eds.) NCPW5 Connectionist Models in Cognitive Neuroscience, Perspectives in Neural Computation series. London: Springer, pp. 92–101.
Taylor, J.G., Taylor, N.R. (2000) Analysis of recurrent cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loops for working memory. Biological Cybernetics 82: 415–432.
Tootell, R.B., Reppas, J.B., Dale, A.M., Look, R.B., Sereno, M.I., Malach, R., Brady,. T.J., Rosen, B.R. (1995) Visual motion after-effect in human cortical area MT revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Nature 375: 139–141.
Ungerleider, L.G., Courtney, S.M., Haxby, J.V.A. (1997) Neural system for human visual working memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 95: 883–890.
Zahavi, D., Parnas, R. (1998) Phenomenal consciousness and self-awareness: A phenomenological critique of representational theory. J Consciousness Studies 5: 687–705.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Taylor, J.G. (2003). Towards Global Principles of Brain Processing. In: Hecht-Nielsen, R., McKenna, T. (eds) Computational Models for Neuroscience. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0085-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0085-0_8
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-85233-593-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-0085-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive