Abstract
Granularity is one of the core aspects of context. This chapter gives an overview of three perspectives on granularity—size-based granularity, partition-based granularity, granularity in contextual reasoning—and discusses their interrelation. The author identifies three types of granularity: perceptual granularity refers to the fact that any perceptual system has a certain limited resolution; conceptual granularity indicates that the categories in which we think are tied to levels of granularity; physical granularity, finally, refers to the structures, sizes, and densities that exist in the physical world. This chapter discusses the interplay between the three types of granularity and how perceptual granularity could have been fundamental in the evolution of cognition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
The representational granularity of Galton (2000) corresponds to what is called here perceptual granularity, his intrinsic granularity is related to the notion of physical granularity employed in this chapter.
References
Benerecetti, M., Bouquet, P., Ghidini, C.: Contextual reasoning distilled. J. Exp. Theor. Artif. Intell. 12(3), 279–305 (2000)
Bennett, B.: What is a forest? On the vagueness of certain geographic concepts. Topoi 20(2), 189–201 (2001)
Bettini, C., Montanari, A.: Temporal representation and reasoning. Data Knowl. Eng. 44(2), 139–141 (2003)
Bettini, C., Jajodia, S., Wang, X.S.: Time Granularities in Databases, Data Mining, and Temporal Reasoning. Springer, Secaucus (2000)
Bittner, T.: Vagueness and the trade-off between the classification and delineation of geographic regions—an ontological analysis. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. 25(5), 825–850 (2011)
Bittner, T., Smith, B.: A theory of granular partitions. In: Duckham, M., Goodchild, M.F., Worboys, M.F. (eds.) Foundations of Geographic Information Science, pp. 117–151. Taylor & Francis, London (2003)
Bittner, T., Stell, J.G.: Stratified rough sets and vagueness. In: Kuhn, W., Worboys, M., Timpf, S. (eds.) Spatial Information Theory: Foundations of Geographic Information Science, pp. 270–286. Springer, Berlin (2003)
Brézillon, P.: Context modeling: Task model and practice model. In: Kokinov, B. (ed.) Modeling and Using Context, pp. 122–135. Springer, Berlin (2007)
Brézillon , P.: Contextualization of scientific workflows. In: Beigl, M. et al. (eds.) Modeling and Using Context, pp. 40–53. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Brézillon, P.: Context-based development of experience bases. In: Goebel, R., Tanaka, Y., Wahlster, W. (eds.) Modeling and Using Context, pp. 87–100. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Bronowski, J.: New concepts in the evolution of complexity: Stratified stability and unbounded plans. Synthese 21, 228–246 (1970)
Dorn, C., Schall, D., Dustdar, S.: Granular context in collaborative mobile environments. In: Meersman, R., Tari, Z., Herrero, P. (eds.) OTM Confederated International Workshops, pp. 1904–1913. Springer (2006)
Euzenat, J.: An algebraic approach to granularity in qualitative time and space representation. In: Mellish, C. (ed.) Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 894–900. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1995)
Euzenat, J.: Granularity in relational formalisms—with application to time and space representation. Comput. Intell. 17(3), 703–737 (2001)
Euzenat, J., Montanari, A.: Time granularity. In: Fisher, M., Gabbay, D., Vila, L. (eds.) Handbook of Temporal Reasoning in Artificial Intelligence, chap. 3, pp. 59–118. Elsevier, New York (2005)
Freksa, C.: Using orientation information for qualitative spatial reasoning. In: Frank, A.U., Campari, I., Formentini, U. (eds.) Spatio-Temporal Reasoning, LNCS, vol. 639, pp. 162–178. Springer, Berlin (1992)
Galton, A.: Qualitative Spatial Change. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2000)
Gärdenfors, P.: The detachment of thought. In: Erneling, C., Johnson, D. (eds.) The Mind as a Scientific Subject: Between Brain and Culture, pp. 323–341. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2005)
Han, J., Schmidtke, H.R., Xie, X., Woo, W.: Adaptive content recommendation for mobile users: Ordering recommendations using a hierarchical context model with granularity. Pervasive Mobile Comput. (2013). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2013.11.002. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574119213001417
Hobbs, J.: Granularity. In: Josh, A.K. (ed.) Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 432–435. Morgan Kaufmann, Los Angeles (1985)
Hobbs, J.R.: Half orders of magnitude. In: Papers from the Workshop on Semantic Approximation, Granularity, and Vagueness, pp. 28–38. Citeseer (2000)
Hobbs, J.R., Kreinovich, V.: Optimal choice of granularity in commonsense estimation: Why half-orders of magnitude. In: IFSA World Congress and 20th NAFIPS International Conference, 2001. Joint 9th, IEEE, vol. 3, pp. 1343–1348 (2001)
Jain, A., Duin, R., Mao, J.: Statistical pattern recognition: A review. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 22(1), 4–37 (2000)
Jakimovski, P., Schmidtke, H.R.: Delayed synapses: An LSM model for studying aspects of temporal context in memory. In: Beigl, M., Christiansen, H., Roth-Berghofer, T.R., Kofod-Petersen, A., Coventry, K.R., Schmidtke, H.R. (eds.) Modeling and Using Context, pp. 138–144. Springer, Berlin (2011)
Kosslyn, S.: Image and Brain: The Resolution of the Imagery Debate. MIT Press, Cambridge (1994)
Montanari, A., Peron, A., Policriti, A.: The way to go: Multi-level temporal logics. In: Gerbrandy, J., Marx, M., de Rijke, M., Venema, Y. (eds.) Liber Amicorum for the Fiftieth Birthday of Johan van Benthem, ILLC, pp. 1–12 (1999)
Mulkar-Mehta, R., Hobbs, J.R., Hovy, E.H.: Applications and discovery of granularity structures in natural language discourse. In: AAAI Spring Symposium: Logical Formalizations of Commonsense Reasoning (2011)
Niu, W., Li, G., Zhao, Z., Tang, H., Shi, Z.: Multi-granularity context model for dynamic web service composition. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 34(1), 312–326 (2011)
Ohlbach, H.J., Gabbay, D.M.: Calendar logic. J. Appl. Non-Classical Logics 8(4), 291–323 (1998)
Palmer, S.E.: Vision Science—Photons to Phenomenology. MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)
Pawlak, Z.:Rough sets. Int. J. Comput. Inf. Sci. 11, 341–356 (1982)
Rector, A., Rogers, J., Bittner, T.: Granularity, scale and collectivity: When size does and does not matter. J. Biomed. Informatics 39(3), 333–349 (2006)
Schmidtke, H.R.: A geometry for places: Representing extension and extended objects. In: Kuhn, W., Worboys, M., Timpf, S. (eds.) International Conference on Spatial Information Theory, LNCS, vol. 2825, pp. 235–252. Springer, Berlin (2003)
Schmidtke, H.R.: Aggregations and constituents: Geometric specification of multi-granular objects. J. Vis. Lang. Comput. 16(4), 289–309 (2005a). doi:10.1016/j.jvlc.2004.11.007
Schmidtke, H.R.: Eine axiomatische Charakterisierung räumlicher Granularität: formale Grundlagen detailgrad-abh&00E4#;ngiger Objekt- und Raumrepräsentation. Doctoral dissertation, Universität Hamburg, Fachbereich Informatik (2005b)
Schmidtke, H.R.: Granularity as a parameter of context. In: Dey, A.K., Kokinov, B.N., Leake, D.B., Turner, R.M. (eds.) International Conference on Modeling and Using Context, LNCS, vol. 3554, pp. 450–463. Springer (2005c). doi: 10.1007/11508373_34
Schmidtke, H.R.: Contextual reasoning in context-aware systems. In: Workshop Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Environments, pp. 82–93. IOS Press (2012)
Schmidtke, H.R.: Path and place: the lexical specification of granular compatibility. In: Dimitrova-Vulchanova, M., van der Zee, E. (eds.) Motion Encoding in Language and Space, Explorations in Language and Space. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2013)
Schmidtke, H.R., Beigl, M.: Positions, regions, and clusters: Strata of granularity in location modelling. In: Dillmann, R., Beyerer, J., Hanebeck, U.D., Schultz, T. (eds.) KI 2010, LNAI, vol. 6359, pp. 272–279. Springer (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16111-7_31
Schmidtke, H.R., Beigl, M.: Distributed spatial reasoning for wireless sensor networks. In: Beigl, M. et al (eds.) Modeling and Using Context, pp. 264–277. Springer, Berlin (2011)
Suppes, P., Zinnes, J.: Basic measurement theory. In: Luce, R., Bush, R., Galanter, E. (eds.) Handbook of Mathematical Psychology, pp. 1–76. Wiley, New York (1963)
Trullier, O., Wiener, S., Berthoz, A., Meyer, J.A.: Biologically based artificial navigation systems: Review and prospects. Progress Neurobiol. 51, 483–544 (1997)
van Deemter, K.: The sorites fallacy and the context-dependence of vague predicates. In: Kanazawa, M., Pinon, C., de Swart, H. (eds.) Quantifiers, Deduction, and Context, pp. 59–86. CSLI Publications, Stanford (1995)
Wertheimer, M.: Untersuchung zur Lehre von der Gestalt. Psychologische Forschung 4, 301–350 (1923)
Zadeh, L.: Fuzzy sets and information granularity. In: Gupta, M., Ragade, R., Yager, R. (eds.) Advances in Fuzzy Set Theory and Applications. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 3–18 (1979)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schmidtke, H. (2014). Context and Granularity. In: Brézillon, P., Gonzalez, A. (eds) Context in Computing. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1887-4_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1887-4_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1886-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1887-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)