Skip to main content

Watermarking Based on Krawtchouk Moments for Handwritten Document Images

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Progress in Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition (IWAIPR 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 11047))

Abstract

In this paper, a digital watermarking technique for copyright protection based on the concept of embed a digital watermark and modifying coefficients in Krawtchouk moments domain is presented. This technique is specifically for handwritten document images using a QR code as a digital watermark. It consists in dividing the image into \(8\times 8\) pixels blocks, where the number of selected blocks is equal to the number of watermark bits. The Krawtchouk moments of each selected block are determined. After that, one coefficient is modified using Dither modulation. In addition, the results obtained in terms of perceptual quality (PSNR) and robustness (BER) show that the proposed technique is robust to JPEG compression attacks keeping imperceptibility.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Abdelhakim, A.M., Saad, M.H., Sayed, M., et al.: Optimized SVD-based robust watermarking in the fractional Fourier domain. Multimed. Tools Appl. 1–23 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6014-5

  2. Alakuijala, J., Obryk, R., Stoliarchuk, O., Szabadka, Z., Vandevenne, L., Wassenberg, J.: Guetzli: perceptually guided JPEG encoder, pp. 1–13 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ali, G., et al.: Audio watermarking by hybridization of DWT-DCT. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Netw. Secur. 17(8), 19–27 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Avila-Domenech, E.: Marca de agua digital basada en DWT-DCT para imágenes de documentos manuscritos: optimización contra ataques de compresión JPEG. Rev. Cuba. Ciencias Inform. 12(2), 30–43 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, B., Wornell, G.W.: Quantization index modulation: a class of provably good methods for digital watermarking and information embedding. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 47(4), 1423–1443 (2001)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Chow, Y.-W., Susilo, W., Tonien, J., Zong, W.: A QR code watermarking approach based on the DWT-DCT technique. In: Pieprzyk, J., Suriadi, S. (eds.) ACISP 2017. LNCS, vol. 10343, pp. 314–331. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59870-3_18

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Dhar, P.K., Shimamura, T.: Blind audio watermarking in transform domain based on singular value decomposition and exponential-log operations. In: Signals, pp. 552–561 (2017). https://doi.org/10.13164/re.2017.0552

  8. Fischer, A., Frinken, V., Fornés, A., Bunke, H.: Transcription alignment of Latin manuscripts using hidden Markov models. In: Proceedings of the 2011 Workshop on Historical Document Imaging and Processing, pp. 29–36. ACM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ghazvini, M., Hachrood, E.M., Mirzadi, M.: An improved image watermarking method in frequency domain. J. Appl. Secur. Res. 12(2), 260–275 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/19361610.2017.1277878

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Juarez-Sandoval, O.U., Cedillo-hernandez, M., Nakano-Miyatake, M., Cedillo-Hernandez, A., Perez-Meana, H.: Digital image ownership authentication via camouflaged unseen-visible watermarking. Multimed. Tools Appl. 77, 26601–26634 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Nin, J., Ricciardi, S.: Digital watermarking techniques and security issues in the information and communication society. In: 2013 27th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA), pp. 1553–1558. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Papakostas, G.A., Tsougenis, E.D., Koulouriotis, D.E.: Moment-based local image watermarking via genetic optimization. Appl. Math. Comput. 227, 222–236 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2013.11.036

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Papakostas, G.A., Koulouriotis, D.E., Karakasis, E.G.: Computation strategies of orthogonal image moments: a comparative study. Appl. Math. Comput. 216(1), 1–17 (2010)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Sake, A., Tirumala, R.: Bi-orthogonal wavelet transform based video watermarking using optimization techniques. Mater. Today: Proc. 5(1), 1470–1477 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Su, Q., Chen, B.: Robust color image watermarking technique in the spatial domain. Soft Comput. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-017-2489-7

  16. Yap, P., Paramesran, R., Ong, S.H.: Image analysis by Krawtchouk moments. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 12(11), 1367–1377 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Yap, P.T., Paramesran, R.: Local watermarks based on Krawtchouk moments. In: TENCON 2004. 2004 IEEE Region 10 Conference, pp. 73–76. IEEE (2004)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ernesto Avila-Domenech .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Avila-Domenech, E., Soria-Lorente, A. (2018). Watermarking Based on Krawtchouk Moments for Handwritten Document Images. In: Hernández Heredia, Y., Milián Núñez, V., Ruiz Shulcloper, J. (eds) Progress in Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition. IWAIPR 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11047. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01132-1_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01132-1_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-01131-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-01132-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics