Abstract
Listening to swinging music you often want to move along with the rhythm. - We pose the question: How might the production of microtiming that characterizes swing be modelled? A fundamental idea in the present paper is to apply an interaction of oscillators to achieve alterations of frequencies that create timing deviations that are typical of live performances of rhythm. - Dynamic, time-dependent features are introduced and implemented in a model based on rhythmic frequency modulation, RFM, previously developed by the authors of this paper. We here exemplify the potential of this new, extended model by simulating various performances of swing in jazz, and we also indicate how the computer implementation of the RFM model might be an interesting tool of electro-acoustic music. Moreover, we discuss our model construction within the framework of event-based and emergent timing.
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Notes
- 1.
FMRhythm is written in C++ and available as open source at https://github.com/ssaue/FMrhythm. Currently only Windows is supported, but we intend to make it platform-independent.
- 2.
Specifications for MIDI and the Standard MIDI File format are available from the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA): https://www.midi.org/specifications.
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The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions.
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Waadeland, C.H., Saue, S. (2018). Modulated Swing: Dynamic Rhythm Synthesis by Means of Frequency Modulation. In: Aramaki, M., Davies , M., Kronland-Martinet, R., Ystad, S. (eds) Music Technology with Swing. CMMR 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11265. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01692-0_10
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