Skip to main content

Evaluation Measures for Extended Association Rules Based on Distributed Representations

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 927))

Abstract

Indirect association rules and association action rules are two notable extensions of traditional association rules. Since these two extended rules consist of a pair of association rules, they share the same essential drawback of association rules: a huge number of rules will be derived if the target database to be mined is dense or the minimum threshold is set low. One practical approach for alleviating this essential drawback is to rank the rules to identify which one to be examined first in a post-processing. In this paper, as a new application of representation learning, we propose evaluation measures for indirect association rules and association action rules, respectively. The proposed measures are assessed preliminary using a dataset on Japanese video-sharing site and that on nursery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://www.nii.ac.jp/dsc/idr/nico/nico.html.

  2. 2.

    http://www.nicovideo.jp/.

  3. 3.

    https://nlp.stanford.edu/projects/glove/.

  4. 4.

    https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/nursery.

References

  1. Agrawal, R., Imielinski, T., Swami, A.: Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases. In: Proceedings of the 1993 ACM-SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 207–216 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Han, J., Cheng, H., Xin, D., Yan, X.: Frequent pattern mining: current status and future directions. Data Min. Knowl. Disc. 15(1), 55–86 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Boulicaut, J.-F., Bykowski, A., Rigotti, C.: Free-sets: a condensed representation of boolean data for the approximation of frequency queries. Data Min. Knowl. Disc. 7(1), 5–22 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Pasquier, N., Bastide, Y., Taouil, R., Lakhal, L.: Discovering frequent closed itemsets for association rules. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Database Theory, pp. 398–416 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Webb, G.I.: Discovering significant patterns. Mach. Learn. 68(1), 1–33 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hämäläinen, W., Webb, G.I.: Statistically sound pattern discovery. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, p. 1976 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wu, T., Chen, Y., Han, J.: Re-examination of interestingness measures in pattern mining: a unified framework. Data Min. Knowl. Disc. 21(3), 371–397 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Lenca, P., Vaillant, B., Meyer, P., Lallich, S.: Association rule interestingness measures: experimental and theoretical studies. In: Guillet, F.J., Hamilton, H.J. (eds.) Quality Measures in Data Mining, pp. 51–76 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Brin, S., Motwani, R., Silverstein, C.: Beyond market baskets: generalizing association rules to correlations. In: Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGMOD/PODS Joint Conference, pp. 265–276 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Brin, S., Motwani, R., Ullman, J.D., Tsur, S.: Dynamic itemset counting and implication rules for market basket data. In: Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 255–264 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bengio, Y., Courville, A., Vincent, P.: Representation learning: a review and new perspectives. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 35(8), 1798–1828 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kawanobe, S., Ozaki, T.: Extraction of characteristic frequent visual patterns by distributed representation. In: Proceedings of the 2017 31st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, pp. 525–530 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kawanobe, S., Ozaki, T.: Experimental study of characterizing frequent itemsets using representation learning. In: Proceedings of the 2018 32nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, pp. 170–174 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ozaki, T.: Evaluation measures for frequent itemsets based on distributed representations. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Sixth International Symposium on Computing and Networking, pp. 153–159 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Tan, P.-N., Kumar, V., Srivastava, J.: Indirect association: mining higher order dependencies in data. In: Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, pp. 632–637 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ras, Z.W., Dardzinska, A., Tsay, L.-S., Wasyluk, H.: Association action rules. In: Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshop, pp. 283–290 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kawaguchi, M., Ozaki, T.: Finding replaceable ingredients by indirect association rules. In: Proceedings of the 78th National Convention of Information Processing Society of Japan, vol. 1, pp. 525–526 (2016). (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Suzuki, E.: Discovering action rules that are highly achievable from massive data. In: Proceedings of the 13th Pacific-Asia Conference on Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 713–722 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.D.: GloVe: global vectors for word representation. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 1532–1543 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., Dean, J.: Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. arXiv preprint, arXiv:1301.3781 (2013)

  21. Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 26, pp. 3111–3119 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bojanowski, P., Grave, E., Joulin, A., Mikolov, T.: Enriching word vectors with subword information. arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.04606 (2016)

  23. Arora, S., Liang, Y., Ma, T.: A simple but tough-to-beat baseline for sentence embeddings. In: Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Learning Representations (2017)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

In this paper, the author used the “Nicovideo dataset” provided by National Institute of Informatics. This work was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 17K00315.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tomonobu Ozaki .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Ozaki, T. (2019). Evaluation Measures for Extended Association Rules Based on Distributed Representations. In: Barolli, L., Takizawa, M., Xhafa, F., Enokido, T. (eds) Web, Artificial Intelligence and Network Applications. WAINA 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 927. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15035-8_29

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics