Abstract
LoRa is designed for long-range communication where devices are directly connected to the gateway, which removes typically the need of constructing and maintaining a complex multi-hop network. Nonetheless, even with the advantage of penetration of walls, the range may not sometimes be sufficient. This article describes a 2-hop LoRa approach to reduce both packet losses and transmission cost. To that aim, we introduce a smart, transparent and battery-operated relay-device that can be added after a deployment campaign to seamlessly provide an extra hop between the remote devices and the gateway. Field tests were conducted to assess relays’ ability to automatically synchronize to the network without advertising their presence.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Semtech: LoRa modulation basics. Rev.2 (2015)
Pham, C., Rahim, A., Cousin, P.: Low-cost, long-range open IoT for smarter rural African Villages. In: Proceedings of ISC2, Italy (2016)
Pham, C., Dupont, C.: IoT, an affordable technology to empower African addressing needs in Africa. In: Proceedings of the IST-Africa, Namibia (2017)
Pham, C., Rahim, A., Cousin, P.: WAZIUP: a low-cost infrastructure for deploying IoT in developing countries. In: Proceedings of AFRICOMM, Ouagadougou (2016)
Adelantado, F., Vilajosana, X., Tuset, P., Martinez, B., Melia-Segui, J.: Understanding the limits of LoRaWAN. IEEE Commun. Mag. 55, 34–40 (2017)
Sanfratello, A.: Enabling relay-based communication in LoRa networks for the Internet of Things. Master thesis. University of Pisa, Italy (2016)
Bor, M., Vidler, J.-E., Roedig, U.: LoRa for the internet of things. In: Proceedings of EWSN 2016, Graz, Austria, 361–366 (2016)
De Velde, B.-V.: Multi-hop lorawan: including a forwarding node (2017)
Liao, C.-H., Zhu, G., Kuwabara, D., Suzuki, M.: Multi-Hop LoRa networks enabled by concurrent transmission. IEEE Access 5, 21430–21446 (2017)
Dias, J.: LoRaWAN multi-hop uplink extension. Comput. Sci. 130, 424–431 (2018)
Lundell, D.: Ad-hoc network possibilities inside LoRaWAN. Thesis. Lund U (2017)
ETSI: Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment to be used in the 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz frequency range with power levels ranging up to 500 mW; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods (2012)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by WAZIUP project which was funded by EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 687607.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Diop, M., Pham, C., Thiaré, O. (2019). A 2-hop LoRa Approach Based on Smart and Transparent Relay-Device. In: Mendy, G., Ouya, S., Dioum, I., Thiaré, O. (eds) e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries. AFRICOMM 2018. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 275. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16042-5_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16042-5_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-16041-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-16042-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)