Abstract
Embedded systems are growing very complex because of the increasing chip integration density, larger number of chips in distributed applications and demanding application fields e.g. in autonomous cars. Bio-inspired techniques like self-organization are a key feature to handle the increasing complexity of embedded systems. In biology the structure and organization of a system is coded in its DNA, while dynamic control flows are regulated by the hormone system. We adapted these concepts to embedded systems using an artificial DNA (ADNA) and an artificial hormone system (AHS). Based on these concepts, highly reliable, robust and flexible systems can be created. These properties predestine the ADNA and AHS for the use in future automotive applications.
However, computational resources and communication bandwidth are often limited in automotive environments. Nevertheless, in this paper we show that the concept of ADNA and AHS can be successfully applied to an environment consisting of low-performance automotive microcontrollers interconnected by a classical CAN bus.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Only needed if the payload data of a chunk is completely filled, otherwise a length less than 8 bytes indicates the last chunk.
- 2.
Experimental AntiLockTraction DNA from Sect. 5.
- 3.
Not necessarily all DNA lines require a task, e.g. actor lines.
References
Bernauer, A., Bringmann, O., Rosenstiel, W.: Generic self-adaptation to reduce design effort for system-on-chip. In: IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems (SASO), San Francisco, USA, pp. 126–135 (2009)
BMBF: Autokonf projekt. http://autokonf.de/
Bosch: CAN Specifications Version 2.0. http://esd.cs.ucr.edu/webres/can20.pdf
Brinkschulte, U., Müller-Schloer, C., Pacher, P. (eds.): Proceedings of the Workshop on Embedded Self-Organizing Systems, San Jose, USA (2013)
Brinkschulte, U.: Video of the KDNA controlled robot vehicle. http://www.es.cs.uni-frankfurt.de/index.php?id=252
Brinkschulte, U.: An artificial DNA for self-descripting and self-building embedded real-time systems. Pract. Exp. Concurr. Comput. 28, 3711–3729 (2015)
Brinkschulte, U.: Prototypic implementation and evaluation of an artificial DNA for self-describing and self-building embedded systems. In: 19th IEEE International Symposium on Real-time Computing (ISORC 2016), York, UK, 17–20 May 2016
Brinkschulte, U.: Prototypic implementation and evaluation of an artificial DNA for self-descripting and self-building embedded systems. EURASIP J. Embed. Syst. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13639-016-0066-2
Brinkschulte, U., Pacher, M., von Renteln, A.: An artificial hormone system for self-organizing real-time task allocation in organic middleware. In: Brinkschulte, U., Pacher, M., von Renteln, A. (eds.) Organic Computing. UCS, pp. 261–283. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77657-4_12
Garzon, M.H., Yan, H. (eds.): DNA 2007. LNCS, vol. 4848. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77962-9
Yi, C.H., Kwon, K., Jeon, J.W.: Method of improved hardware redundancy for automotive system, pp. 204–207 (2015)
Hornby, G., Lipson, H., Pollack, J.: Evolution of generative design systems for modular physical robots. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA 2001, vol. 4, pp. 4146–4151 (2001)
IBM: Autonomic Computing (2003). http://www.research.ibm.com/autonomic/
Becker, J., et al.: Digital on-demand computing organism for real-time systems. In: Workshop on Parallel Systems and Algorithms (PASA), ARCS 2006, Frankfurt, Germany, March 2006
Kephart, J.O., Chess, D.M.: The vision of autonomic computing. IEEE Comput. 1, 41–50 (2003)
Kluge, F., Mische, J., Uhrig, S., Ungerer, T.: CAR-SoC - towards and autonomic SoC node. In: Second International Summer School on Advanced Computer Architecture and Compilation for Embedded Systems (ACACES 2006), L’Aquila, Italy, July 2006
Kluge, F., Uhrig, S., Mische, J., Ungerer, T.: A two-layered management architecture for building adaptive real-time systems. In: Brinkschulte, U., Givargis, T., Russo, S. (eds.) SEUS 2008. LNCS, vol. 5287, pp. 126–137. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87785-1_12
Lawson, K.: Atomthreads: open source RTOS, free lightweight portable scheduler. https://atomthreads.com/
Lee, E., Neuendorffer, S., Wirthlin, M.: Actor-oriented design of embedded hardware and software systems. J. Circ. Syst. Comput. 12, 231–260 (2003)
Lee, J.Y., Shin, S.Y., Park, T.H., Zhang, B.T.: Solving traveling salesman problems with dna molecules encoding numerical values. Biosystems 78(1–3), 39–47 (2004)
Lipsa, G., Herkersdorf, A., Rosenstiel, W., Bringmann, O., Stechele, W.: Towards a framework and a design methodology for autonomic SoC. In: 2nd IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing, Seattle, USA (2005)
Maurer, M., Gerdes, J.C., Winner, B.L.H.: Autonomous Driving - Technical, Legal and Social Aspects. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48847-8
Nicolescu, G., Mosterman, P.J.: Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York (2010)
Renesas: V850E2/Px4 user manual. http://renesas.com/
Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A., Martin, G.: Platform-based design and software design methodology for embedded systems. IEEE Des. Test 18(6), 23–33 (2001)
Schmeck, H.: Organic computing - a new vision for distributed embedded systems. In: 8th IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC 2005), pp. 201–203. Seattle, USA, May 2005
VDE/ITG (Hrsg.): VDE/ITG/GI-Positionspapier Organic Computing: Computer und Systemarchitektur im Jahr 2010. GI, ITG, VDE (2003)
Weiss, G., Zeller, M., Eilers, D., Knorr, R.: Towards self-organization in automotive embedded systems. In: González Nieto, J., Reif, W., Wang, G., Indulska, J. (eds.) ATC 2009. LNCS, vol. 5586, pp. 32–46. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02704-8_4
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Brinkschulte, U., Fastnacht, F. (2019). Applying the Concept of Artificial DNA and Hormone System to a Low-Performance Automotive Environment. In: Schoeberl, M., Hochberger, C., Uhrig, S., Brehm, J., Pionteck, T. (eds) Architecture of Computing Systems – ARCS 2019. ARCS 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11479. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18656-2_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18656-2_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-18655-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-18656-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)