Skip to main content

Immune Inspired Dendritic Cell Algorithm for Stock Price Manipulation Detection

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Systems and Applications (IntelliSys 2019)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1037))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Stock price manipulation is a term given to illicit or unlawful activities that tries to artificially impact a security’s price. This alters the prime objective of transaction of stocks legally. This research presents a detection model for Stock price manipulation schemes like Pump & Dump and Spoof Trading. The proposed research is validated on tick data, containing time series with high volatility and high frequency trading that makes the detection process more difficult. A few number of past researches for price manipulation detection have been conducted based on unsupervised learning. Additionally, the existing researches also targeted specific manipulation schemes and a general detection method suitable enough to capture other anomalies is missing. This research proposes an unsupervised learning technique where Dendritic Cell Algorithm is combined with non-parametric density estimation based clustering method for detecting price manipulation. The outcome of the proposed approach are evaluated using the area under Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve and a maximum value of 0.98 is achieved. The results in this work compared with existing benchmark approaches in unsupervised learning reports a significant improvement of 18%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Gonzalez, F.: A study of artificial immune systems applied to anomaly detection, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Memphis (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Yeung, D.Y., Ding, Y.: Host-based intrusion detection using dynamic and static behavioral models. Pattern Recogn. 36(1), 229–243 (2003)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Greensmith, J.: Dendritic cell algorithm, Ph.D. dissertation, School of Computer Science, Univ. Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K. (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Asuncion, A., Newman, D.: UCI machine learning repository (2007). http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/

  5. Greensmith, J., Aickelin, U., Tedesco, G.: Information fusion for anomaly detection with the dendritic cell algorithm. Inf. Fusion 11, 21–34 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Mokhtar, M., Bi, R., Timmis, J., Tyrrell, A.M.: A modified dendritic cell algorithm for on-line error detection in robotic systems. In: Proceedings of IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, pp. 2055–2062 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wang, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, Q.: An anomaly detection model based on cloud model and danger theory. In: Proceedings of the International Standard Conference on Trustworthy Computing and Services, ISCTCS, pp. 115–122 (2013)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Kim, J., Bentley, P., Wallenta, C., Ahmed, M., Hailes, S.: Danger is ubiquitous: detecting malicious activities in sensor networks using the dendritic cell algorithm. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Artificial Immune Systems, ICARIS, pp 390–403 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Alizadeh, E., Meskin, N., Khorasani, K.: A dendritic cell immune system inspired scheme for sensor fault detection and isolation of wind turbines. IEEE Trans. Industr. Inf. 14(2), 545–555 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Chelly, Z., Elouedi, Z.: From the general to the specific: Inducing a novel dendritic cell algorithm from a detailed state-of-the-art review. Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell. 30(3), 1–31 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Allen, F., Gale, D.: Stock price manipulation. Rev. Financ. Stud. 5(3), 503–529 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Securities and Exchange Commission 2015 case: 1:15-cv-05456. https://www.sec.gov/news/pressrelease/2015-146.html

  13. Neupane, S., Ghon Rhee, S., Vithanage, K., Veeraraghavan, M.: Trade-based manipulation: beyond the prosecuted cases. J. Corp. Financ. 42, 115–130 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lee, E.J., Eom, K.S., Park, K.S.: Microstructure-based manipulation: strategic behavior and performance of spoofing traders. J. Fin. Mark. 16(2), 227–252 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ferdousi, Z., Maeda, A.: Unsupervised outlier detection in time series data. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops, pp. 51–56 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kim, Y., Sohn, S.Y.: Stock fraud detection using peer group analysis. Expert Syst. Appl. 39(10), 8986–8992 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Yang, F., Yang, H., Yang, M.: Discrimination of china’s stock price manipulation based on primary component analysis. In: International Conference on Behavioral, Economic, and Socio-Cultural Computing, BESC 2014, Shanghai, China, pp. 1–5 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Aitken, M.J., Harris, F.H., Ji, S.: Trade-based manipulation and market efficiency: a cross-market comparison. In: 22nd Australasian Finance and Banking Conference, Sydney, pp. 1–43 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Cao, Y., Li, Y., Coleman, S., Belatreche, A., McGinnity, T.M.: Adaptive hidden Markov model with anomaly states for price manipulation detection. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 26(2), 318–330 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Abbas, B., Belatreche, A., Bouridane, A.: Stock price manipulation detection using empirical mode decomposition based Kernel density estimation clustering method. In: Conference Proceedings Intelligent Systems and Applications, Intellisys, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 869, pp. 851–866. Springer, Cham (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Matioli, L.C., Santos, S.R., Kleina, M., Leite, E.A.: A new algorithm for clustering based on kernel density estimation. J. Appl. Stat. 44(1), 1–20 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Silverman, B.W.: Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis. Chapman and Hall, London (1986)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Haven, E., Liu, X., Shen, L.: De-noising option prices with the wavelet method. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 222(1), 104–112 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. LOBSTER project, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2012. Limit Order Book System. http://www.lobster.wiwi.hu-berlin.de

  25. Tse, J., Lin, X., Vincent, D.: High frequency trading-Measurement, detection and response, Credit Suisse, Zürich, Switzerland, Technical report, December 2012

    Google Scholar 

  26. Chelly, Z., Eloudi, Z.: A Survey of the Dendritic Cell Algorithm. Springer, London (2015)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Baqar Rizvi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Rizvi, B., Belatreche, A., Bouridane, A. (2020). Immune Inspired Dendritic Cell Algorithm for Stock Price Manipulation Detection. In: Bi, Y., Bhatia, R., Kapoor, S. (eds) Intelligent Systems and Applications. IntelliSys 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1037. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29516-5_27

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics