Abstract
Collusion attack is considered as one of the most popular and challenging attacks for audio signals, which violates the copyright seriously. Conventional methods cannot cope with the hybrid attack which consists of collusion attack and other attacks. In this paper, we propose a pre-adjustment process (PAP) based mechanism to tackle it by destroying the perceptual quality of the colluded signal, which removes the motivation of traitors to implement collusion attack. We transform the host audio signal into DCT domain and segment the DCT coefficients into blocks. Then the DCT coefficients are modified according to a pre-designed adjustment matrix (AM) to generate the PAP signal. When multiple PAP signals are averaged to generate the colluded signal, the energy of certain frequency bands in the colluded signal will be eliminated or reduced, which degrades the perceptual quality of the colluded signal greatly. The proposed method can withstand not only collusion attack but also hybrid attacks. It is also secure, as the secret keys used in PAP will not be passed to the receiver. By combining the proposed method with other leading-edge watermarking algorithms, its performance on copyright protection can be further improved. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show the superiority of the proposed mechanism.
This work was supported in part by the Australian Research Council under grant LP170100458.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Wang, X., Wu, J., Niu, P.: A new digital image watermarking algorithm resilient to desynchronization attacks. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 2(4), 655–663 (2007)
Nezhadarya, E., Wang, Z.-J., Ward, R.-K.: Robust image watermarking based on multiscale gradient direction quantization. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 6(4), 1200–1213 (2011)
Fang, H., Zhang, W., Zhou, H., Cui, H., Yu, N.: Screen-shooting resilient watermarking. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 14(6), 1403–1418 (2018)
Xiang, Y., Natgunanathan, I., Peng, D., Zhou, W., Yu, S.: A dual-channel time-spread echo method for audio watermarking. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 7(2), 383–392 (2011)
Xiang, Y., Natgunanathan, I., Guo, S., Zhou, W., Nahavandi, S.: Patchwork-based audio watermarking method robust to de-synchronization attacks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process. 22(9), 1413–1423 (2014)
Su, Z., Zhang, G., Yue, F., Chang, L., Jiang, J., Yao, X.: SNR-constrained heuristics for optimizing the scaling parameter of robust audio watermarking. IEEE Trans. Multimed. 20(10), 2631–2644 (2018)
Asikuzzaman, M., Alam, M.-J., Lambert, A.-J., Pickering, M.-R.: Robust DT CWT-based DIBR 3D video watermarking using chrominance embedding. IEEE Trans. Multimed. 18(9), 1733–1748 (2016)
Joshi, A.M., Gupta, S., Girdhar, M., Agarwal, P., Sarker, R.: Combined DWT–DCT-based video watermarking algorithm using arnold transform technique. In: Satapathy, S.C., Bhateja, V., Joshi, A. (eds.) Proceedings of the International Conference on Data Engineering and Communication Technology. AISC, vol. 468, pp. 455–463. Springer, Singapore (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1675-2_45
Mareen, H., Praeter, J.-D., Wallendael, G.-V., Lambert, P.: A novel video watermarking approach based on implicit distortions. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 64(3), 250–258 (2018)
Wu, M., Trappe, W., Wang, Z.-J., Liu, K.-R.: Collusion-resistant fingerprinting for multimedia. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 21(2), 15–27 (2004)
Cox, I.-J., Kilian, J., Leighton, F.-T., Shamoon, T.: Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 6(12), 1673–1687 (1997)
Wang, Z.-J., Wu, M., Zhao, H.-V., Trappe, W., Liu, K.-R.: Anti-collusion forensics of multimedia fingerprinting using orthogonal modulation. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 14(6), 804–821 (2005)
Dessein, A., Cont, A.: An information-geometric approach to real-time audio segmentation. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 20(4), 331–334 (2013)
Jiang, W., Huang, X., Quan, Y.: Audio watermarking algorithm against synchronization attacks using global characteristics and adaptive frame division. Signal Process. 162, 153–160 (2019)
Liu, Z., Huang, Y., Huang, J.: Patchwork-based audio watermarking robust against de-synchronization and recapturing attacks. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 14(5), 1171–1180 (2019)
Wu, J.-L., Shin, J.: Discrete cosine transform in error control coding. IEEE Trans. Commun. 43(5), 1857–1861 (1995)
Fallahpour, M., MegÃas, D.: Secure logarithmic audio watermarking scheme based on the human auditory system. Multimed. Syst. 20(2), 155–164 (2014)
Cheng, M., Miao, Y.: On anti-collusion codes and detection algorithms for multimedia fingerprinting. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 57(7), 4843–4851 (2011)
Thiede, T., et al.: PEAQ-the ITU standard for objective measurement of perceived audio quality. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 48(1/2), 3–29 (2000)
Bhat, V., Sengupta, I., Das, A.: An audio watermarking scheme using singular value decomposition and dither-modulation quantization. Multimed. Tools Appl. 52(2–3), 369–383 (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhao, J., Zong, T., Xiang, Y., Gao, L., Beliakov, G. (2019). Pre-adjustment Based Anti-collusion Mechanism for Audio Signals. In: Liu, J., Huang, X. (eds) Network and System Security. NSS 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11928. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36938-5_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36938-5_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-36937-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-36938-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)