Skip to main content

Sobolev Training with Approximated Derivatives for Black-Box Function Regression with Neural Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML PKDD 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 11907))

Abstract

With Sobolev Training, neural networks are trained to fit target output values as well as target derivatives with respect to the inputs. This leads to better generalization and fewer required training examples for certain problems. In this paper, we present a training pipeline that enables Sobolev Training for regression problems where target derivatives are not directly available. Thus, we propose to use a least-squares estimate of the target derivatives based on function values of neighboring training samples. We show for a variety of black-box function regression tasks that our training pipeline achieves smaller test errors compared to the traditional training method. Since our method has no additional requirements on the data collection process, it has great potential to improve the results for various regression tasks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://github.com/MatthiasKi/SobolevTrainingApproxDerivatives.

References

  1. Czarnecki, W.M., Osindero, S., Jaderberg, M., Swirszcz, G., Pascanu, R.: Sobolev training for neural networks. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 4278–4287 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Drucker, H., Le Cun, Y.: Double backpropagation increasing generalization performance. In: IJCNN-91-Seattle International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 2, pp. 145–150. IEEE (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Dua, D., Graff, C.: UCI machine learning repository (2017). http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml

  4. Gerritsma, J., Onnink, R., Versluis, A.: Geometry, resistance and stability of the Delft systematic Yacht hull series. Int. Shipbuild. Prog. 28(328), 276–297 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hornik, K., Stinchcombe, M., White, H.: Universal approximation of an unknown mapping and its derivatives using multilayer feedforward networks. Neural Netw. 3(5), 551–560 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kaya, H., Tüfekci, P., Gürgen, F.S.: Local and global learning methods for predicting power of a combined gas & steam turbine. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Computer and Electronics Engineering ICETCEE, pp. 13–18 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kingma, D., Ba, J.: Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lampinen, J., Selonen, A.: Multilayer perceptron training with inaccurate derivative information. In: Proceedings of 1995 IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks ICNN, vol. 95, pp. 2811–2815 (1995). Citeseer

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lee, J.W., Oh, J.H.: Hybrid learning of mapping and its Jacobian in multilayer neural networks. Neural Comput. 9(5), 937–958 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Masuoka, R., Thrun, S., Mitchell, T.M.: Constraining neural networks to fit target slopes (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Mitchell, T.M., Thrun, S.B.: Explanation-based neural network learning for robot control. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 287–294 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Nocedal, J., Wright, S.J.: Numerical Optimization, 2nd edn. Springer, New York (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-40065-5

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Ortigosa, I., Lopez, R., Garcia, J.: A neural networks approach to residuary resistance of sailing Yachts prediction. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Marine Engineering MARINE, vol. 2007, p. 250 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Pedregosa, F., et al.: Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2825–2830 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Pukrittayakamee, A., et al.: Simultaneous fitting of a potential-energy surface and its corresponding force fields using feedforward neural networks. J. Chem. Phys. 130(13), 134101 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Pukrittayakamee, A., Hagan, M., Raff, L., Bukkapatnam, S.T., Komanduri, R.: Practical training framework for fitting a function and its derivatives. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks 22(6), 936–947 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rifai, S., et al.: Higher order contractive auto-encoder. In: Gunopulos, D., Hofmann, T., Malerba, D., Vazirgiannis, M. (eds.) ECML PKDD 2011. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 6912, pp. 645–660. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23783-6_41

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Simard, P., Victorri, B., LeCun, Y., Denker, J.: Tangent prop-a formalism for specifying selected invariances in an adaptive network. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 895–903 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Surjanovic, S., Bingham, D.: Virtual library of simulation experiments: test functions and datasets (2013). http://www.sfu.ca/ssurjano. Accessed 7 Jan 2019

  20. Tüfekci, P.: Prediction of full load electrical power output of a base load operated combined cycle power plant using machine learning methods. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 60, 126–140 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. U.S. Department of Commerce: Bureau of the Census, Census Of Population And Housing 1990 United States: Summary tape file 1a & 3a (computer files)

    Google Scholar 

  22. U.S. Department Of Commerce: Bureau Of The Census Producer, Washington, DC and Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Ann Arbor, Michigan (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  23. U.S. Department of Justice: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Law Enforcement Management And Administrative Statistics, U.S. Department Of Commerce, Bureau Of The Census Producer, Washington, DC and Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research Ann Arbor, Michigan (computer file) (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  24. U.S. Department of Justice: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Crime in the united states (computer file) (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Varga, D., Csiszárik, A., Zombori, Z.: Gradient regularization improves accuracy of discriminative models (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Witkoskie, J.B., Doren, D.J.: Neural network models of potential energy surfaces: prototypical examples. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 1(1), 14–23 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Yeh, I.C.: Modeling of strength of high-performance concrete using artificial neural networks. Cem. Concr. Res. 28(12), 1797–1808 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matthias Kissel .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kissel, M., Diepold, K. (2020). Sobolev Training with Approximated Derivatives for Black-Box Function Regression with Neural Networks. In: Brefeld, U., Fromont, E., Hotho, A., Knobbe, A., Maathuis, M., Robardet, C. (eds) Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. ECML PKDD 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11907. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46147-8_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46147-8_24

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-46146-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-46147-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics