Abstract
Operating procedures provide a description of the actions that are needed to operate a particular system in a safe and efficient manner. We developed an analysis framework for the identification of resilience skills that enable intelligent use of procedures. An analysis of critical functions and their interaction was carried out by using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM; [4]). The basic idea behind the FRAM is to develop questions that are discussed with those who will use the procedure in their work. According to our results, the FRAM methodology was successfully applied to the analysis of the selected proceduralized activity. It was found that one fruitful approach is to first create an overview FRAM model describing the main activities of the task from the perspective of the nuclear process, and after that, create a more detailed description, looking at the task from the control room operators’ perspective. Some potential variability of the functions was identified – mainly related to the communication and collaboration between operators and between operators and personnel in the field. Implications of our results to procedure design and operator training will be discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Carvalho, P.V.R., de Oliveira, M.V., dos Santos, I.J.L.: A computerized tool to evaluate the cognitive compatibility of the emergency operational procedures task flow. Prog. Nucl. Energy 51(3), 409–419 (2009)
Clay-Williams, R.: Where the rubber meets the road: using FRAM to align work-as-imagined with work-as-done when implementing clinical guidelines. Implementation Sci. 10(1), 125 (2015)
FRAM Homepage. http://functionalresonance.com/FMV/index.html. Accessed 31 Jan 2020
Hollnagel, E.: FRAM, the functional resonance analysis method: modelling complex socio-technical systems. Ashgate, Farnham (2012)
Hollnagel, E.: Why is work-as-imaged different from Work-as-done? In: Wears, R.L., Hollnagel, E., Braithwaite, J. (eds.) Resilient health care, volume 2: The resilience of everyday clinical work. Ashgate, Abingdon (2015)
Marsden, P.: Procedures in the nuclear industry. In: Stanton, N. (ed.) Human Factors in Nuclear Safety, pp. 99–116. Taylor & Francis, London (1996)
Norros, L., Savioja, P., Liinasuo, M., Wahlström, M.: Can proceduralization support coping with the unexpected? Int. Electron. J. Nucl. Saf. Simul. 5(3), 213–221 (2014)
Patriarca, R., Bergström, J.: Modelling complexity in everyday operations: functional resonance in maritime mooring at quay. Cogn. Technol. Work 19(4), 711–729 (2017)
Patriarca, R., Bergström, J., Di Gravio, G.: Defining the functional resonance analysis space: combining abstraction hierarchy and FRAM. Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 165, 34–46 (2017)
Saurin, T.A., Wachs, P.: Modelling interactions between procedures and resilience skills. Appl. Ergon. 68, 328–337 (2018)
Smith, D., Veitch, B., Khan, F., Taylor, R.: Understanding industrial safety: comparing fault tree, bayesian network, and FRAM approaches. J. Loss Prev. Process Ind. 45, 88–101 (2017)
Stanton, N.A., Salmon, P., Jenkins, D., Walker, G.: Human Factors in the Design and Evaluation of Central Control Room Operations. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2010)
Suchman, L.A.: Plans and Situated Actions: The Problem of Human-Machine Communication. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1987)
de Vries, L.: Work as done? understanding the practice of sociotechnical work in the maritime domain. J. Cogn. Eng. Decis. Mak. 11(3), 270–295 (2017)
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the procedure designers, the simulator trainers and other personnel involved in this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Laarni, J., Tomminen, J., Liinasuo, M., Pakarinen, S., Lukander, K. (2020). Promoting Operational Readiness Through Procedures in Nuclear Domain. In: Harris, D., Li, WC. (eds) Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Cognition and Design. HCII 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12187. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49183-3_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49183-3_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-49182-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-49183-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)