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International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods

SEFM 2019: Software Engineering and Formal Methods pp 119–136Cite as

A Trust Logic for the Varieties of Trust

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 12226))

Abstract

In his paper Varieties of Trust, Eric Uslaner presents a conceptual analysis of trust with the aim of capturing the multiple dimensions that can characterize various notions of trust. While Uslaner’s analysis is theoretically very useful to better understand the phenomenon of trust, his account is rarely considered when formal conceptions of trust are built. This is often due to the fact that formal frameworks concentrate on specific aspects of phenomena rather than general features and, thus, there is little space for omni-comprehensive considerations about concepts. However, building formal languages that can describe trust generally are extremely important, since they can provide basic accounts employable as starting points for further investigations on trust. This paper addresses exactly this issue by providing a logical language expressive enough to describe all the varieties of trust derivable from Uslaner’s conceptual analysis. Specifically, Uslaner’s analysis is transformed into a conceptual map of trust, by strengthening his analysis with further reflections on the nature of trust. Then, a logical language for trust is introduced and it is shown how the validity classes of such language can characterize all the varieties of trust derivable from the conceptual map previously built.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Note that some authors might claim that the child isn’t actually trusting the parents, since he has no choice other than relying on them.

  2. 2.

    See  [4, 9] for a general introduction to modal logics and monotonic neighborhood structures. Moreover, see  [29] for an approach that interprets the same language in a standard relational structure.

  3. 3.

    To make the exposition simpler during the course of the paper, elements of \(\wp (S)\) will be indicated with letters from the end of the alphabet capitalized and with eventual superscripts and subscripts, i.e., \(X, X_2, Y, X', X'_2, Y' \dots \).

  4. 4.

    For instance, if a proposition p is known at a state s, i.e., \(\pi (p) \in N(s)\), then also \(p \vee q\) is known at s, i.e., \(\pi (p \vee q) \in N(s)\).

  5. 5.

    \(\mathcal {U}\) is consistent, if \(\emptyset \notin \mathcal {U}\).

  6. 6.

    Real numbers could have been employed. However, it is believed that density is sufficient to capture the different grades of trust and continuity is not required. For this reason, the choice to use rational numbers is made.

  7. 7.

    Again, one for each \(\phi \in \mathcal {L}\).

  8. 8.

    Only atomic propositions will be employed in order to keep the example short.

  9. 9.

    In this case, there is only one element in the set A of contexts, i.e., escaping a burning house.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Urbino, 61029, Urbino, Italy

    Mirko Tagliaferri & Alessandro Aldini

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  1. Mirko Tagliaferri
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  2. Alessandro Aldini
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Correspondence to Alessandro Aldini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, University of York, York, UK

    Javier Camara

  2. Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Martin Steffen

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Tagliaferri, M., Aldini, A. (2020). A Trust Logic for the Varieties of Trust. In: Camara, J., Steffen, M. (eds) Software Engineering and Formal Methods. SEFM 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12226. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57506-9_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57506-9_10

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