Abstract
Connected cars generate a huge amount of vehicle data during operation. In the future, the amount of sensor-generated data will continue to increase. The connectivity of the cars, more powerful processors, and improved telematics and navigation systems will allow the amount of data to grow further. Vehicle data provides a basis for a large number of business models. In addition to selling vehicles, automobile manufacturers can generate additional revenue by selling vehicle-generated data as goods or services. First, a typology of vehicle data is described in order to derive value potentials of data products. Motivated by the value perspective, risks in data transfer to third parties are often neglected. In order to assess these risks, a new risk management model for intangible products like data is presented. The main phases of the risk assessment procedure are walked through, outlining possible criteria and metrics in each phase. Finally, the model is demonstrated by evaluating risks of data transfer to third parties in the automotive industry, using the example of vehicle-generated road segment data.
Keywords
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
AUDI AG: Sensorfelder der Umfeldüberwachung. https://www.audi-mediacenter.com/de/technik-lexikon-7180/fahrerassistenzsysteme-7184
Baheti, R., Gill, H.: Cyber-physical systems. Impact Control Technol. 12(1), 161–166 (2011)
Bosler, M., Burr, W., Ihring, L.: Vernetzte Fahrzeuge–empirische Analyse digitaler Geschäftsmodelle für Connected-Car-Services. HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik 55(2), 329–348 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-018-0396-8
Brünger C.: Nutzenkonsistente Risikopriorisierung: Die Risk-Map im Kontext rationaler Entscheidungen, 1st edn. Paderborn, Univ., Diss., Zugl. (2011). Gabler Verlag/Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden (2011)
Chapman, C., Ward, S.: Project Risk Management: Processes, Techniques and Insights, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken (2003)
Diederichs, M.: Risikomanagement und Risikocontrolling. Vahlen (2017)
Dijkman, R.M., Sprenkels, B., Peeters, T., Janssen, A.: Business models for the Internet of Things. Int. J. Inf. Manage. 35(6), 672–678 (2015)
ElBatt, T., Saraydar, C., Ames, M., Talty, T.: Potential for intra-vehicle wireless automotive sensor networks. In: 2006 IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, pp. 1–4. IEEE, Newark (2006)
Fleisch, E., Weinberger, M., Wortmann, F.: Business models and the Internet of Things (extended abstract). In: Podnar Žarko, I., Pripužić, K., Serrano, M. (eds.) Interoperability and Open-Source Solutions for the Internet of Things. LNCS, vol. 9001, pp. 6–10. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16546-2_2
Fleming, W.J.: New automotive sensors—a review. IEEE Sens. J. 8(11), 1900–1921 (2008)
Fleming, W.J.: Overview of automotive sensors. IEEE Sens. J. 1(4), 296–308 (2001)
Gladen, W.: Performance Measurement: Controlling mit Kennzahlen, 6th edn. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05138-9
Hesse, J., Gardner, J.W., Göpel, W.: Sensors for Automotive Technology, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim (2003)
Hornung, G.: Verfügungsrechte an fahrzeugbezogenen Daten. Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD 39(6), 359–366 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11623-015-0430-8
Johanning, V., Mildner, R.: Car IT kompakt. Springer, Wiesbaden (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-09968-8
Jorion, P.: Value at Risk, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill Education Ltd., New York City (2006)
Ju, J., Kim, M.S., Ahn, J.H.: Prototyping business models for IoT service. Procedia Comput. Sci. 91, 882–890 (2016)
Kleindorfer, P.R., Saad, G.H.: Managing disruption risks in supply chains. Prod. Oper. Manage. 14(1), 53–68 (2005)
Krotova, A., Rusche, C., Spiekermann, M.: Die ökonomische Bewertung von Daten: Verfahren, Beispiele und Anwendungen. No. 129, IW-Analysen (2019)
Lee, E.A.: Cyber-physical systems-are computing foundations adequate. In: Position PAPER for NSF Workshop on Cyber-Physical Systems: Research Motivation, Techniques and Roadmap, vol. 2, pp. 1–9. Citeseer (2006)
Leminen, S., Westerlund, M., Rajahonka, M., Siuruainen, R.: Towards IOT ecosystems and business models. In: Andreev, S., Balandin, S., Koucheryavy, Y. (eds.) NEW2AN/ruSMART - 2012. LNCS, vol. 7469, pp. 15–26. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32686-8_2
Loebbecke, C., Picot, A.: Reflections on societal and business model transformation arising from digitization and big data analytics: a research agenda. J. Strateg. Inf. Syst. 24(3), 149–157 (2015)
Madden, S., Franklin, M.J., Hellerstein, J.M., Hong, W.: TAG: a tiny aggregation service for ad-hoc sensor networks. ACM SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 36(SI), 131–146 (2002)
McNeil, A.J., Frey, R., Embrechts, P.: Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts. Techniques and Tools. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2015). Revised ed.
Mikusz, M., Jud, C., Schäfer, T.: Business model patterns for the connected car and the example of data orchestrator. In: Fernandes, J.M., Machado, R.J., Wnuk, K. (eds.) ICSOB 2015. LNBIP, vol. 210, pp. 167–173. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19593-3_14
Morris, D., Madzudzo, G., Garcia-Perez, A.: Cybersecurity and the auto industry: the growing challenges presented by connected cars. Int. J. Automot. Technol. Manage. 18(2), 105–118 (2018)
Muhtaroğlu, F.C.P., Demir, S., Obalı, M., Girgin, C.: Business model canvas perspective on big data applications. In: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Santa Clara, CA, USA, pp. 32–37. IEEE (2013)
Nasr, E., Kfoury, E., Khoury, D.: An IoT approach to vehicle accident detection, reporting, and navigation. In: 2016 IEEE International Multidisciplinary Conference on Engineering Technology (IMCET), Beirut, Lebanon, pp. 231–236. IEEE (2016)
Naumov, V., Gross, T.R.: Connectivity-aware routing (CAR) in vehicular ad-hoc networks. In: IEEE INFOCOM 2007-26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, Glasgow, Scotland, pp. 1919–1927. IEEE (2007)
Porter, M., Heppelmann, J.: How smart, connected products are transforming companies. Havard Bus. Rev. 93(10), 96–112 (2015)
Proff, H., Fojcik, T.M.: Mobilität und digitale Transformation - Technische und betriebswirtschaftliche Aspekte - Schlussbetrachtung. Mobilität und digitale Transformation, pp. 609–611. Springer, Wiesbaden (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20779-3_38
Prytz, R.: Machine Learning Methods for Vehicle Predictive Maintenance Using Off-Board and On-Board Data, 1st edn. Halmstad University Press, Halmstad (2014)
Russell, M.E., Drubin, C.A., Marinilli, A.S., Woodington, W.G., Del Checcolo, M.J.: Integrated automotive sensors. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 50(3), 674–677 (2002)
Shah, S.H., Yaqoob, I.: A survey: Internet of Things (IOT) technologies, applications and challenges. In: 2016 IEEE Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE), Oshawa, Ontario, Canada, pp. 381–385. IEEE (2016)
Shahraray, B., et al.: U.S. Patent No. 9,403,482. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Washington, DC (2016)
Streich, M., D’imperio, A., Anke, J.: Bewertung von Anreizen zum Teilen von Daten für digitale Geschäftsmodelle am Beispiel von Usage-based Insurance. HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik 55(5), 1086–1109 (2018)
Stulz, R.M.: Rethinking risk management. J. Appl. Corp. Financ. 9(3), 8–25 (1996)
Westbrook, M.H.: Automotive Sensors, 1st edn. Momentum Press, New York (2009)
Westerlund, M., Leminen, S., Rajahonka, M.: Designing business models for the internet of things. Technol. Innov. Manage. Rev. 4, 5–14 (2014)
Wood, A.D., Stankovic, J.A.: Denial of service in sensor networks. Computer 35(10), 54–62 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bodendorf, F., Franke, J. (2020). Risk Assessment of Vehicle Sensor Data as a Vending Object or Service. In: Song, W., Lee, K., Yan, Z., Zhang, LJ., Chen, H. (eds) Internet of Things - ICIOT 2020. ICIOT 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12405. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59615-6_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59615-6_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-59614-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-59615-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)