Skip to main content

A WiVi Based IoT Framework for Detection of Human Trafficking Victims Kept in Hideouts

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 12405))

Abstract

Human trafficking is the trade of humans for the purpose of forced labor, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others. The traffickers often trick, defraud, or physically force victims into selling sex and forced labor. In others, victims are lied to, assaulted, threatened, or manipulated into working under inhumane, illegal, or otherwise unacceptable conditions. According to the estimation of the International Labor Organization, there are more than 40.3 million victims of human trafficking globally. It is a threat to the Nation as well as to humanity. There have been many efforts by government agencies & NGOs to stop human trafficking and rescuing victims, but the traffickers are getting smarter day by day. From multiple sources, it is observed that the traffickers generally hide humans in hidden rooms, sealed containers, and boxes disguised as goods. This congestion results in Critical mental and physical damages in some cases. It is practically impossible to physically go and check each box, containers or rooms. So in this paper, we propose an Wireless Vision based IoT framework, which uses the reflection of WiFi radio waves generated by WiFi to detect the presence of humans inside a cement or metal enclosure from outside.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Forced Labor, Modern Slavery, and Human Trafficking. International Labor Organization. http://www.ilo.org/global/topics/forced-labour/lang-en/index.html. Accessed 1 May 2020. Monitoring Target 16.2 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. United Nations Office on Drug and Crime. https://www.unodc.org/documents/research/UNODC-DNR_research_brief.pdf. Accessed 1 May 2020

  2. What is Human Trafficking. Californians Against Sexual Exploitation. http://www.caseact.org/learn/humantrafficking/. Accessed 1 May 2020

  3. Human Trafficking by the Numbers. Human Rights First. https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/resource/human-trafficking-numbers. Accessed 1 May 2020

  4. Human trafficking. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_trafficking. Accessed 1 May 2020

  5. Trafficking and Slavery Fact Sheet. Free the Slaves. https://www.freetheslaves.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Trafficking-ans-Slavery-Fact-Sheet-April-2018.pdf. Accessed 1 May 2020

  6. Adib, F., Katabi, D.: See through walls with WiFi!. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 Conference on SIGCOMM, 27 August 2013, pp. 75–86 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Adib, F., Kabelac, Z., Katabi, D.: Multi-person motion tracking via RF body reflections (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Liu, W., et al.: SSD: single shot multibox detector. In: Leibe, B., Matas, J., Sebe, N., Welling, M. (eds.) ECCV 2016. LNCS, vol. 9905, pp. 21–37. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46448-0_2

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. RadarVision. http://www.timedomain.com.TimeDomainCorporation

  10. Wang, H., Narayanan, R., Zhou, Z.: Through-wall imaging of moving targets using UWB random noise radar. IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. 8, 802–805 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ram, S., Li, Y., Lin, A., Ling, H.: Doppler-based detection and tracking of humans in indoor environments. J. Franklin Inst. 345, 679–699 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Soldovieri, F., Solimene, R.: Through-wall imaging via a linear inverse scattering algorithm. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 4, 513–517 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Solimene, R., Soldovieri, F., Prisco, G., Pierri, R.: Three-dimensional through-wall imaging under ambiguous wall parameters. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 47, 1310–1317 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ralston, T., Charvat, G., Peabody, J.: Real-time through-wall imaging using an ultra wide band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) phased array radar system. In: IEEEARRAY (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Yang, Y., Fathy, A.: Design and implementation of a low-cost real-time ultra-wide band see-through-wall imaging radar system. In: IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Chetty, K., Smith, G., Woodbridge, K.: Through-the-wall sensing of personnel using passive bi-static WiFi radar at stand off distances. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 50, 1218–1226 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhao, M., Adib, F., Katabi, D.: Emotion recognition using wireless signals. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, 3 October 2016, pp. 95–108 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Adib, F., Kabelac, Z.E., Katabi, D., inventors; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, assignee: Object tracking via radio reflections. United States patent application US 15/120,864, 16 March 2017

    Google Scholar 

  19. Zhao, M., Yue, S., Katabi, D., Jaakkola, T.S., Bianchi, M.T.: Learning sleep stages from radio signals: a conditional adversarial architecture. In: Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning, 6 August 2017, vol. 70, pp. 4100–4109 (2017). JMLR.org

  20. Adib, F., Kabelac, Z.E., Katabi, D., inventors; Massachusetts Institute of Technology, assignee: Motion tracking via body radio reflections. United States patent US 9,753,131, 5 September 2017

    Google Scholar 

  21. Zhao M., et al.: Through-wall human pose estimation using radio signals. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 7356–7365 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Zhao, M., et al.: RF-based 3D skeletons. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication, 7 August 2018, pp. 267–281 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Li, T., Fan, L., Zhao, M., Liu, Y., Katabi, D.: Making the invisible visible: action recognition through walls and occlusions. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 872–881 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Zhao, M., et al.: Through-wall human mesh recovery using radio signals. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 10113–10122 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang, L., Ruan, X., Wang, J.: WiVi: a ubiquitous violence detection system with commercial WiFi devices. IEEE Access 8, 6662–6672 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Xi, W., et al.: Electronic frog eye: counting crowd using WiFi. In: IEEE INFOCOM 2014-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, 27 April 2014, pp. 361–369. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Depatla, S., Muralidharan, A., Mostofi, Y.: Occupancy estimation using only WiFi power measurements. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 33(7), 1381–1393 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Zeng, Y., Pathak, P.H., Mohapatra, P.: WiWho: WiFi-based person identification in smart spaces. In: 2016 15th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN), 11 April 2016, pp. 1–12. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sehrawat, A., Choudhury, T.A., Raj, G.: Surveillance drone for disaster management and military security. In: 2017 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation (ICCCA), 5 May 2017, pp. 470–475. IEEE (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Saha, H.N., Nandi, M., Biswas, U., Das, T.: Heart-rate detection and tracking human body movements through walls at home. In: 2016 IEEE 7th Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON), 13 October 2016, pp. 1–4. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Khan, F., Bhuiyan, M.Z., Islam, M.M., Wang, T., Zaman, A., Tao, H.: Wi-Fi signal analysis for heartbeat and metal detection: a comparative study of reliable contactless systems. In: 2019 6th International Conference on Dependable Systems and Their Applications (DSA), 3 January 2020, pp. 81–90. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Liu, X., Cao, J., Tang, S., Wen, J.: Wi-Sleep: contactless sleep monitoring via WiFi signals. In: 2014 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, 2 December 2014, pp. 346–355. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Li, H., Yang, W., Wang, J., Xu, Y., Huang, L.: WiFinger: talk to your smart devices with finger-grained gesture. In: Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, 12 September 2016, pp. 250–261 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  34. He, W., Wu, K., Zou, Y., Ming, Z.: WiG: WiFi-based gesture recognition system. In: 2015 24th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN), 3 August 2015, pp. 1–7. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Wang, J., Vasisht, D., Katabi, D.: RF-IDraw: virtual touch screen in the air using RF signals. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 44(4), 235–246 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. H. Gandomi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Samanta, S., Singhar, S.S., Gandomi, A.H., Ramasubbareddy, S., Sankar, S. (2020). A WiVi Based IoT Framework for Detection of Human Trafficking Victims Kept in Hideouts. In: Song, W., Lee, K., Yan, Z., Zhang, LJ., Chen, H. (eds) Internet of Things - ICIOT 2020. ICIOT 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12405. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59615-6_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59615-6_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-59614-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-59615-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics