Skip to main content

Dynamic Multi-hop Reasoning

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
  • 1690 Accesses

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 12317))

Abstract

Multi-hop reasoning is an essential part of the current reading comprehension and question answering areas. The reasoning methods have been extensively studied, and most of them are generally focused on the pre-retrieval based inference, with the help of a few paragraphs. These methods are fixed and unable to cope with dynamic and complex questions. Here, we propose to utilize the dynamic graph reasoning network for multi-hop reading comprehension question answering.

Specifically, the new approach continuously infers the clue entities and candidate answers based on the question and clue paragraphs. The clue entities and candidate answers extracted at each hop are used as new nodes to expand the dynamic graph. Then we iteratively update the semantic representation of the questions via dynamic question memory, and apply the graph attention network to encode the information of inference paths. Extensive experiments on two datasets verify the advantage and improvements of the proposed approach.

This work was supported by NSFC grant 61972151, the Open Research Fund of KLATASDS-MOE.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://www.tau-nlp.org/commonsenseqa.

  2. 2.

    https://hotpotqa.github.io.

References

  1. Cao, N.D., Aziz, W., Titov, I.: Question answering by reasoning across documents with graph convolutional networks. In: NAACL, pp. 2306–2317 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chen, D., Fisch, A., Weston, J., Bordes, A.: Reading Wikipedia to answer open-domain questions. In: ACL, pp. 1870–1879 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Das, R., Dhuliawala, S., Zaheer, M., McCallum, A.: Multi-step retriever-reader interaction for scalable open-domain question answering. In: ICLR (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Devlin, J., Chang, M., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. In: NAACL-HLT, pp. 4171–4186 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ding, M., Zhou, C., Chen, Q., Yang, H., Tang, J.: Cognitive graph for multi-hop reading comprehension at scale. ACL 2019, 2694–2703 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Feldman, Y., El-Yaniv, R.: Multi-hop paragraph retrieval for open-domain question answering. In: ACL, pp. 2296–2309, July 2019

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kumar, A., et al.: Ask me anything: dynamic memory networks for natural language processing. In: ICML, pp. 1378–1387 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lee, K., Chang, M., Toutanova, K.: Latent retrieval for weakly supervised open domain question answering. In: ACL, pp. 6086–6096 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lin, B.Y., Chen, X., Chen, J., Ren, X.: KagNet: knowledge-aware graph networks for commonsense reasoning. In: Proceedigs of EMNLP-IJCNLP (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Rajani, N.F., McCann, B., Xiong, C., Socher, R.: Explain yourself! Leveraging language models for commonsense reasoning. In: ACL (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Seo, M.J., Kembhavi, A., Farhadi, A., Hajishirzi, H.: Bidirectional attention flow for machine comprehension. In: ICLR (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Talmor, A., Herzig, J., Lourie, N., Berant, J.: CommonsenseQA: a question answering challenge targeting commonsense knowledge. In: NAACL (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Veličković, P., Cucurull, G., Casanova, A., Romero, A., Liò, P., Bengio, Y.: Graph attention networks. In: ICLR, pp. 1–12 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Wang, W., Yang, N., Wei, F., Chang, B., Zhou, M.: Gated self-matching networks for reading comprehension and question answering. In: ACL, pp. 189–198 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Xiao, Y., et al.: Dynamically fused graph network for multi-hop reasoning (2019). arxiv:1905.06933Comment. Accepted by ACL 19

  16. Yang, Z., et al.: HotpotQA: a dataset for diverse, explainable multi-hop question answering. In: EMNLP, pp. 2369–2380 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junjie Yao .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Xu, L., Yao, J., Zhang, Y. (2020). Dynamic Multi-hop Reasoning. In: Wang, X., Zhang, R., Lee, YK., Sun, L., Moon, YS. (eds) Web and Big Data. APWeb-WAIM 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12317. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60259-8_39

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60259-8_39

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-60258-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-60259-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics