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International Workshop on Numerical Software Verification

Working Conference on Verified Software: Theories, Tools, and Experiments

NSV 2020, VSTTE 2020: Software Verification pp 87–105Cite as

Synthesis of Solar Photovoltaic Systems: Optimal Sizing Comparison

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 12549))

Abstract

In the current scenario, energy demand rises by 1.3% each year to 2040, and photovoltaic (PV) systems have emerged as an alternative to the fossil or nuclear fuel energy generation. The use of formal methods for PV systems is a new subject with significant research spanning only five years. Here we develop and evaluate an automated synthesis technique to obtain optimal sizing of PV systems based on Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis. The optimal solution is the lowest cost from a list of equipment that meets the electrical demands from a house, plus the replacement, operation, and maintenance costs over 20 years. We propose a variant of the counterexample guided inductive synthesis (CEGIS) approach with two phases linking the technical and cost analysis to obtain the PV sizing optimization. We advocate that our technique has various advantages if compared to off-the-shelf optimization tools available in the market for PV systems. Experimental results from seven case studies demonstrate that we can produce an optimal solution within an acceptable run-time; different software verifiers are evaluated to check performance and soundness. We also compare our approach with a commercial tool specialized in PV systems optimization. Both results are validated with commercial design software; furthermore, some real PV systems comparison are used to show our approach effectiveness.

Supported by Newton Fund (ref. 261881580) and FAPEAM (Amazonas State Foundation for Research Support, calls 009/2017 and PROTI Pesquisa 2018).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://tinyurl.com/yck7dfxt.

  2. 2.

    https://tinyurl.com/ycgbsgkp.

  3. 3.

    https://tinyurl.com/yajfmavl.

  4. 4.

    Command-line: $ cbmc --unwind 100 file.c --trace.

  5. 5.

    Command-line: $ esbmc filename.c --incremental-bmc --boolector.

  6. 6.

    Command-line: $ scripts/cpa.sh -heap 64000m -config config/bmc-incremental.properties -spec config/specification/sv-comp-reachability.spc file.c.

  7. 7.

    https://meteonorm.com/en/.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil

    Alessandro Trindade

  2. University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Lucas C. Cordeiro

Authors
  1. Alessandro Trindade
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  2. Lucas C. Cordeiro
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Correspondence to Alessandro Trindade .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. MPI-SWS Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Maria Christakis

  2. University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Nadia Polikarpova

  3. Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Parasara Sridhar Duggirala

  4. Engineering and Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK

    Peter Schrammel

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Trindade, A., Cordeiro, L.C. (2020). Synthesis of Solar Photovoltaic Systems: Optimal Sizing Comparison. In: Christakis, M., Polikarpova, N., Duggirala, P.S., Schrammel, P. (eds) Software Verification. NSV VSTTE 2020 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12549. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63618-0_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63618-0_6

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-63618-0

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