Study on Evaluation System of Urban Seismic and Disaster Avoidance Spatial Structure

Abstract

Urban disaster avoidance space is composed of emergency and fixed disaster avoidance space, which is the life support line of urban earthquake. If the number of emergency and fixed disaster avoidance space is enough and the layout is reasonable, the casualties can be reduced. And the premise of rationalization of urban disaster avoidance space is the evaluation of urban disaster avoidance spatial structure. In this paper, through the principal component method, analytic hierarchy process, field research and GIS technology and other related methods and technologies to study the urban seismic disaster avoidance spatial structure evaluation. First of all, through literature review and collation and sorting out the national norms, the author summarizes 15 evaluation indexes of earthquake emergency disaster avoidance space and 16 evaluation indexes of fixed disaster avoidance space in mountainous small cities. After that, the evaluation indicators were screened by expert questionnaire, and kmo measure, Bartlett spherical test and reliability test were completed respectively. Then, the common factors of three evaluation indexes of fixed and emergency disaster avoidance spatial distribution, namely, association strength, service intensity and safety intensity, are extracted by principal component method, and modified according to the feedback of expert questionnaire survey, and the hierarchical structure model is established.