Abstract
Serverless computing is currently receiving much attention from both academia and industry. It has a straightforward interface that abstracts the complex internal structure of cloud computing resource usage and configuration. The fine grained pay-per-use model of serverless computing can dramatically reduce the cost of using cloud computing resources for users. Thus, today more and more traditional cloud applications are moving to the serverless architecture. In serverless computing, functions executing in containers are the basic unit of scheduling. However, the impact of resource allocation on function performance in serverless platform is still not clear. It is very challenging to improve the function performance while reducing the resource costs in serverless platform. In this paper, we select several typical workloads in serverless and analyze the function performance by controlling the CPU and memory resources. Experimental results reveal the impact of resource allocation on the performance of different types of functions. We also classify the functions in serverless according to their dependence on CPU resources and memory resources.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
AWS Lambda - Serverless Compute. https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/
Apache OpenWhisk (2021). http://openwhisk.apache.org/
Azure Functions Serverless Architecture. https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/functions/
Google Cloud Function. https://cloud.google.com/functions/
Steenken, D., Voß, S., Stahlbock, R.: Container terminal operation and operations research-a classification and literature review. OR Spectr. 26(1), 3–49 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-003-0157-z
cgroups (2021). http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/cgroups.7.html
Agache, A., et al.: Firecracker: lightweight virtualization for serverless applications. In: 17th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 2020) (2020)
Fox, A., et al.: Above the clouds: a Berkeley view of cloud computing. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Report no: UCB/EECS-2009-28 (2009)
openfaas. https://www.openfaas.com/
knative. https://github.com/knative/docs/
Ye, K., Kou, Y., Lu, C., Wang, Y., Xu, C.Z.: Modeling application performance in docker containers using machine learning techniques. In: 2018 IEEE 24th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS), pp. 1–6. IEEE, December 2018
Ye, K., Ji, Y.: Performance tuning and modeling for big data applications in docker containers. In: 2017 International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage (NAS). IEEE (2017)
Felter, W., et al.: An updated performance comparison of virtual machines and Linux containers. In: 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS). IEEE (2015)
Padala, P., et al.: Adaptive control of virtualized resources in utility computing environments. In: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2007, pp. 289–302 (2007)
Lin, C., Khazaei, H.: Modeling and optimization of performance and cost of serverless applications. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 32(3), 615–632 (2020)
Akhtar, N., Raza, A., Ishakian, V., Matta, I.: COSE: configuring serverless functions using statistical learning. In: IEEE INFOCOM 2020-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, pp. 129–138. IEEE (2020)
Zhang, R., Li, M., Hildebrand, D.: Finding the big data sweet spot: towards automatically recommending configurations for hadoop clusters on docker containers. In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering. IEEE (2015)
Adam, O., Lee, Y.C., Zomaya, A.Y.: Stochastic resource provisioning for containerized multi-tier web services in clouds. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 28(7), 2060–2073 (2016)
Higgins, J., Holmes, V., Venters, C.: Orchestrating docker containers in the HPC environment. In: Kunkel, J.M., Ludwig, T. (eds.) ISC High Performance 2015. LNCS, vol. 9137, pp. 506–513. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20119-1_36
Arnautov, S., et al.: SCONE: secure Linux containers with Intel SGX. In: 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 2016), pp. 689–703 (2016)
Harter, T., Salmon, B., Liu, R., Arpaci-Dusseau, A.C., Arpaci-Dusseau, R.H.: Slacker: fast distribution with lazy docker containers. In: 14th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies (FAST 2016), pp. 181–195 (2016)
Acknowledgment
This work is supported by Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (NO. 2020B010164003), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62072451), Shenzhen Basic Research Program (No. JCYJ2020 0109115418592), Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao S.A.R (FDCT) under number 0015/2019/AKP, and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (NO. 2019349).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, Y., Ye, K., Xu, CZ. (2022). An Experimental Analysis of Function Performance with Resource Allocation on Serverless Platform. In: Ye, K., Zhang, LJ. (eds) Cloud Computing – CLOUD 2021. CLOUD 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12989. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96326-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96326-2_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-96325-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-96326-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)