Abstract
There are several situations where it is necessary to acquire analog signals, like sensors outputs and bioelectrical signals, with different amplitudes and frequency ranges. The FPAA (Field Programmable Analog Array) is a semiconductor device that allows the creation of several analog circuits. The Arduino is a platform for rapid development with microcontrollers, well known and widely used to build experimental and commercial equipment. Given the above, the objective of this work was to create a hardware board (shield) and a software library to use an FPAA in conjunction with Arduino boards. In one test, we implemented a band-pass filter and obtained between the projected and measured frequency response an average error of 0.027 dB (SD = 0.163 dB). The maximum error was 0.265 dB. In another test, we implemented a circuit to capture the ECG signal. The results of the ECG test were satisfactory. This research introduces a significant contribution to bioelectrical signal acquisition since similar works do not exist.
Supported by the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) and by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
AN121E04, AN221E04 field programmable analog arrays - user manual. Technical Report, UM021200-U007g. Anadigm, Inc. (2003). https://www.anadigm.com/_doc/UM021200-U007.pdf
AN221E04 dynamically reconfigurable FPAA with enhanced i/o. Technical Report, DS030100-U006c. Anadigm, Inc. (2003). http://www.anadigm.com/_doc/DS030100-U006.pdf
AnadigmDesigner 2 user manual. Technical Report, UM020800-U001o. Anadigm, Inc. (2004). https://www.anadigm.com/_doc/UM020800-U001.pdf
ATmega640/V-1280/V-1281/V-2560/V-2561/V - 8-bit Atmel microcontroller with 16/32/64KB in-system programmable flash. Technical Report, 2549Q-AVR-02/2014. Atmel Corporation (2014). https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/atmel-2549-8-bit-avr-microcontroller-atmega640-1280-1281-2560-2561_datasheet.pdf, rev.2549Q
ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P - megaAVR data sheet. Technical Report, DS40002061A. Microchip Technology Inc. (2018). http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/ATmega48A-PA-88A-PA-168A-PA-328-P-DS-DS40002061A.pdf, rev. A
Arduino - home, June 2021. https://www.arduino.cc
Ain, K., Wibowo, R., Soelistiono, S., Muniroh, L., Ariwanto, B.: Design and development of a low-cost Arduino-based electrical bioimpedance spectrometer. J. Med. Signals Sens. 10(2), 125–133 (2020). https://doi.org/10.4103/jmss.JMSS_24_19,http://www.jmssjournal.net/article.asp?issn=2228-7477;year=2020;volume=10; issue=2;spage=125;epage=133;aulast=Ain;t=6
American National Standards Institute/Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation - ANSI/AAMI, United States: EC13:2002 - Cardiac monitors, heart rate meters, and alarms (2002)
Chen, C.L., Chen, T.R., Chiu, S.H., Urban, P.L.: Dual robotic arm “production line’’ mass spectrometry assay guided by multiple Arduino-type microcontrollers. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 239, 608–616 (2017)
Cressey, D.: Age of the Arduino. Nature 544(7648), 125–126 (2017)
Călinoiu, D., Ionel, R., Lascu, M., Cioablă, A.: Arduino and labVIEW in educational remote monitoring applications. In: 2014 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) Proceedings, pp. 1–5 (2014)
Dioren Rumpa, L., Suluh, S., Hendrika Ramopoly, I., Jefriyanto, W.: Development of ECG sensor using Arduino Uno and e-health sensor platform: mood detection from heartbeat. In: Journal of Physics. Conference Series, vol. 1528, no. 1, p. 12043 (2020)
Jahns, M., et al.: An arduino based mössbauer spectrometer. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A: Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip. 940, 116–118 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.06.003, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900219308204
Jumaat, S.A., Othman, M.H.: Solar energy measurement using Arduino. In: MATEC Web of Conferences, vol. 150, p. 01007 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815001007
Kay, M.S., Iaione, F.: Reconfigurable embedded system for ECG signal acquisition. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 28th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, CBMS 2015, pp. 25–26. IEEE Computer Society, USA (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.2015.58
Mahajan, R., Bansal, D.: Real time EEG based cognitive brain computer interface for control applications via Arduino interfacing. Procedia Comput. Sci. 115, 812–820 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.09.158, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050917319919. 7th International Conference on Advances in Computing & Communications, ICACC-2017, 22–24 August 2017, Cochin, India
Wijaya, N.H., Rahmat, J., Wibowo, S.A.: Modification of Holter ECG monitoring based on Arduino Uno with data storage. Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng. 8(4), 2819–2824 (2019)
Rahmatillah, A.: Ataulkarim: IIR digital filter design for powerline noise cancellation of ECG signal using Arduino platform. In: Journal of Physics. Conference Series, vol. 853, no. 1, p. 12009 (2017)
Rosa, T.R., Betim, F.S., de Queiroz Ferreira, R.: Development and application of a labmade apparatus using open-source “Arduino’’ hardware for the electrochemical pretreatment of boron-doped diamond electrodes. Electrochimica Acta 231, 185–189 (2017)
Saptono, D., Wahyudi, B., Irawan, B.: Design of EEG signal acquisition system using Arduino MEGA1280 and EEGAnalyzer. In: MATEC Web of Conferences, vol. 75, p. 4003 (2016)
Severance, C.: Massimo Banzi: building Arduino. Computer 47(01), 11–12 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2014.19
Sheinin, A., Lavi, A., Michaelevski, I.: StimDuino: an Arduino-based electrophysiological stimulus isolator. J. Neurosci. Meth. 243, 8–17 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.01.016, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165027015000175
Van, S.N., Nguyen, D.T., Hoai, G.N.: Development of a low-cost Arduino-based 12-lead ECG acquisition system and accompanied labview application. Int. J. Eng. Adv. Technol. 9(1), 1641–1648 (2019)
Zachariadou, K., Yiasemides, K., Trougkakos, N.: A low-cost computer-controlled Arduino-based educational laboratory system for teaching the fundamentals of photovoltaic cells. Eur. J. Phys. 33(6), 1599–1610 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/33/6/1599
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
de Souza, L.F., Iaione, F., Ju, S.T. (2022). Reconfigurable Arduino Shield for Biosignal Acquisition. In: Rojas, I., Valenzuela, O., Rojas, F., Herrera, L.J., Ortuño, F. (eds) Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IWBBIO 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 13346. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07704-3_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07704-3_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-07703-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-07704-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)