Skip to main content

Classifying Documents by Viewpoint Using Word2Vec and Support Vector Machines

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Natural Language Processing and Information Systems (NLDB 2022)

Abstract

Ensuring viewpoint diversity in mass media is a historical challenge and recent political events, and the ever-increased use of the Internet, have made it an increasingly critical and contentious issue. This research explores the relationship between semantic structures and viewpoint; demonstrating that the viewpoint diversity in a selection of documents can be increased by utilizing extracted semantic and sentiment features. Small portions of documents matching search terms were embedded in a semantic space using word vectors and sentiment scores. The resulting features were used to train a support vector machine to differentiate documents by viewpoint in a topically homogeneous corpus. When evaluating the top 10% most probable predictions for each viewpoint, this approach yielded a lift of between 1.26 and 2.04.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Source code is available at https://github.com/jeffharwell/viewpointdiversity.

References

  1. Napoli, P.M.: Deconstructing the diversity principle. J. Commun. 49, 7–34 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Webster, J.G.: The Marketplace of Attention: How Audiences Take Shape in a Digital Age. The MIT Press, Cambridge (2014)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Putnam, R.D.: E pluribus unum: diversity and community in the twenty-first century the 2006 Johan Skytte prize lecture. Scand. Polit. Stud. 30, 137–174 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Haidt, J., Rosenberg, E., Hom, H.: Differentiating diversities: moral diversity is not like other kinds. J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. 33, 1–36 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Pariser, E.: The Filter Bubble: What the Internet is Hiding From You. Penguin UK (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ognyanova, K.: Intermedia agenda setting in an era of fragmentation: applications of network science in the study of mass communication. University of Southern California (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  7. McGarry, R.G.: The Subtle Slant: A Cross-Linguistic Discourse Analysis Model for Evaluating Interethnic Conflict in the Press. Parkway Publishers, Inc. (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Carbonell, J., Goldstein, J.: The use of MMR, diversity-based reranking for reordering documents and producing summaries. In: Proceedings of the 21st Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp 335–336. ACM (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Akinyemi, J.A., Clarke, C.L., Kolla, M.: Towards a collection-based results diversification. In: Adaptivity, Personalization and Fusion of Heterogeneous Information, pp. 202–205. Le Centre de Hautes Etudes Internationales d’Informatique Documentaire (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Skoutas, D., Minack, E., Nejdl, W.: Increasing diversity in web search results. Raleigh, North Carolina, United States (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Abbott, R., Ecker, B., Anand, P., Walker, M.: Internet argument corpus 2.0: an SQL schema for dialogic social media and the corpora to go with it. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2016), pp. 4445–4452 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., Dean, J.: Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. In: Proceedings of Workshop at ICLR, Scottsdale, AZ (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Pantel, P., Lin, D.: Discovering word senses from text. In: Proceedings of the eighth ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 613–619 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lau, J.H., Baldwin, T.: An empirical evaluation of doc2vec with practical insights into document embedding generation. In: Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Representation Learning for NLP, pp. 78–86 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jebaseeli, A.N., Kirubakaran, E.: A survey on sentiment analysis of (product) reviews. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 47 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hutto, C., Gilbert, E.: VADER: A parsimonious rule-based model for sentiment analysis of social media text. In: Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Loria, S.: TextBlob Documentation. Release 0.16 (2020). http://textblob.readthedocs.io. Accessed 19 Apr 2022

  18. Lilleberg, J., Zhu, Y., Zhang, Y.: Support vector machines and word2vec for text classification with semantic features. In: 2015 IEEE 14th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI* CC), pp. 136–140. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pedregosa, F., Varoquaux, G., Gramfort, A., et al.: Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2825–2830 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.D.: GloVe: global vectors for word representation. In: Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 1532–1543 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Mikolov, T., Grave, E., Bojanowski, P., et al.: Advances in pre-training distributed word representations. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018) (2018)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jeffrey Harwell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Harwell, J., Li, Y. (2022). Classifying Documents by Viewpoint Using Word2Vec and Support Vector Machines. In: Rosso, P., Basile, V., Martínez, R., Métais, E., Meziane, F. (eds) Natural Language Processing and Information Systems. NLDB 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13286. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08473-7_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08473-7_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-08472-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-08473-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics