Abstract
Smart contracts, that allow parties to establish agreements based on predefined rules without a trusted third-party, have been explored in various applications. However, the main drawback of smart contracts is that they cannot access the external data required to trigger the execution of inner logic. The Oracle technology is an interactive bridge between on-chain smart contracts and off-chain data, which is designed to introduce external data into the blockchain system. A superior oracle mechanism should achieve reliable data acquisition with easy data parsing, deployable services, high system efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The current smart contracts oracle mechanisms either rely on a trusted third-party or introduce high computation overhead and difficulty in deployment. This paper, for the first time, proposes a decentralized and efficient on-chain oracle mechanism CCOM. In our scheme, a prisoner’s contract is introduced for users who want to obtain specific information. The user introduces two oracles to complete the same task of obtaining data, and the contract can prevent oracles from collusion. Rational oracles will not collude but honestly submit the correct result to increase self-interest. We also demonstrate that the proposed scheme can resist a single potentially malicious oracle service and prevent collusion from occurring. Finally, we perform experiments on Ethereum test network Rinkeby and show that our scheme is time-efficient and cost-effective.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key R &D Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFB1005900, 2020B0101090002), the National Key R &D Program of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2020B0101090002), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62032025, 62071222, U21A201710, U20A201092), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BK20200418).
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Wu, X. et al. (2022). CCOM: Cost-Efficient and Collusion-Resistant Oracle Mechanism for Smart Contracts. In: Nguyen, K., Yang, G., Guo, F., Susilo, W. (eds) Information Security and Privacy. ACISP 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13494. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22301-3_22
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