Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

International Conference on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency

PETRI NETS 2023: Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency pp 16–33Cite as

Formal Modelling, Analysis, and Synthesis of Modular Industrial Systems Inspired by Net Condition/Event Systems

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 13929))

Abstract

This paper summarises recent developments in the application of modular formalisms to model-based verification of industrial automation systems. The paper is a tribute to the legacy of Professor Hans-Michael Hanisch who invented Net Condition/Event Systems (NCES) and passionately promoted the closed-loop modelling approach to modelling and analysis of automation systems. The paper surveys the related works and highlights the impact NCES has made on the current progress of modular automation systems verification.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    This means the step in NCES is non-deterministic.

References

  1. Function Blocks for Industrial Process Measurement and Control Systems, IEC 61499 Standard. International Electrotechnical Commission, Tech. Comm. 65, Working group 6, Geneva (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Visual verifier (2008). http://www.fb61499.com/license.html

  3. Čengić, G., Åkesson, K.: A control software development method using IEC 61499 function blocks, simulation and formal verification. IFAC Proc. Volumes 41(2), 22–27 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cengic, G., Akesson, K.: Definition of the execution model used in the fuber IEC 61499 runtime environment. In: 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, pp. 301–306. IEEE (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cengic, G., Ljungkrantz, O., Akesson, K.: Formal modeling of function block applications running in IEC 61499 execution runtime. In: 2006 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, pp. 1269–1276. IEEE (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Davidrajuh, R.: A new modular petri net for modeling large discrete-event systems: a proposal based on the literature study. Computers 8(4), 83 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Dehnert, C., Junges, S., Katoen, J.-P., Volk, M.: A storm is coming: a modern probabilistic model checker. In: Majumdar, R., Kunčak, V. (eds.) CAV 2017. LNCS, vol. 10427, pp. 592–600. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63390-9_31

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Drozdov, D., Patil, S., Dubinin, V., Vyatkin, V.: Formal verification of cyber-physical automation systems modelled with timed block diagrams. In: 2016 IEEE 25th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), pp. 316–321. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dubinin, V., Vyatkin, V., Hanisch, H.M.: Synthesis of safety controllers for distributed automation systems on the basis of reverse safe net condition/event systems. In: 2015 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA, vol. 3, pp. 287–292. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fkaier, S., Khalgui, M., Frey, G.: Modeling methodology for reconfigurable distributed systems using transformations from GR-UML to GR-TNCES and IEC 61499. In: ENASE, pp. 221–230 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Guellouz, S., Benzina, A., Khalgui, M., Frey, G.: Reconfigurable function blocks: extension to the standard IEC 61499. In: 2016 IEEE/ACS 13th International Conference of Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA), pp. 1–8. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Guellouz, S., Benzina, A., Khalgui, M., Frey, G., Li, Z., Vyatkin, V.: Designing efficient reconfigurable control systems using IEC61499 and symbolic model checking. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 16(3), 1110–1124 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hadjidj, R., Boucheneb, H.: Rt-studio: a tool for modular design and analysis of realtime systems using interpreted time petri nets. In: PNSE+ ModPE, pp. 247–254. Citeseer (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Hanisch, H.M., Hirsch, M., Missal, D., Preuße, S., Gerber, C.: One decade of IEC 61499 modeling and verification-results and open issues. IFAC Proc. Volumes 42(4), 211–216 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hensel, C., Junges, S., Katoen, J.P., Quatmann, T., Volk, M.: The probabilistic model checker storm. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transfer 24(4), 589–610 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Meng, X.: Modeling of reconfigurable manufacturing systems based on colored timed object-oriented petri nets. J. Manuf. Syst. 29(2), 81–90 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2010.11.002, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278612510000518

  17. Missal, D., Hanisch, H.M.: A modular synthesis approach for distributed safety controllers, part a: modelling and specification. IFAC Proc. Volumes 41(2), 14473–14478 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Missal, D., Hanisch, H.M.: A modular synthesis approach for distributed safety controllers, part b: modular control synthesis. IFAC Proc. Volumes 41(2), 14479–14484 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ovsiannikova, P., Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V.: Oeritte: user-friendly counterexample explanation for model checking. IEEE Access 9, 61383–61397 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ovsiannikova, P., Vyatkin, V.: Towards user-friendly model checking of IEC 61499 systems with counterexample explanation. In: 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), pp. 01–04. IEEE (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pang, C., Vyatkin, V.: Towards formal verification of IEC 61499: modelling of data and algorithms in NCES. In: 2007 5th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, vol. 2, pp. 879–884. IEEE (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Pang, C., Vyatkin, V.: Automatic model generation of IEC 61499 function block using net condition/event systems. In: 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, pp. 1133–1138. IEEE (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Patil, S., Bhadra, S., Vyatkin, V.: Closed-loop formal verification framework with non-determinism, configurable by meta-modelling. In: IECON 2011–37th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, pp. 3770–3775. IEEE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Patil, S., Dubinin, V., Pang, C., Vyatkin, V.: Neutralizing semantic ambiguities of function block architecture by modeling with ASM. In: Voronkov, A., Virbitskaite, I. (eds.) PSI 2014. LNCS, vol. 8974, pp. 76–91. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46823-4_7

    Chapter  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Patil, S., Dubinin, V., Vyatkin, V.: Formal verification of IEC61499 function blocks with abstract state machines and SMV-modelling. In: 2015 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA, vol. 3, pp. 313–320. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Patil, S., Vyatkin, V., Pang, C.: Counterexample-guided simulation framework for formal verification of flexible automation systems. In: 2015 IEEE 13th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), pp. 1192–1197. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Petri, C.A.: Kommunikation mit Automaten. Schriften des IIM Nr. 2, Institut fur Instrumentelle Mathematik, Bonn (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Rausch, M., Hanisch., H.M.: Net condition/event systems with multiple condition outputs. In: Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, vol. 1, pp. 592–600. INRIA/IEEE, Paris, France, October 1995

    Google Scholar 

  29. Rausch, M., Hanisch, H.M.: Net condition/event systems with multiple condition outputs. In: Proceedings 1995 INRIA/IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation. ETFA’95, vol. 1, pp. 592–600. IEEE (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Schnakenbourg, C., Faure, J.M., Lesage, J.J.: Towards IEC 61499 function blocks diagrams verification. In: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, vol. 3, 6-p. IEEE (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Sreenivas, R.S., Krogh, B.H.: On condition/event systems with discrete state realizations. Discret. Event Dyn. Syst. 1(2), 209–236 (1991)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Starke, P.H., Hanisch, H.M.: Analysis of signal/event nets. In: 1997 IEEE 6th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation Proceedings, EFTA’97, pp. 253–257. IEEE (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Vyatkin, V., Hanisch, H.M.: Formal modeling and verification in the software engineering framework of IEC 61499: a way to self-verifying systems. In: ETFA 2001. 8th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation. Proceedings (Cat. No. 01TH8597), vol. 2, pp. 113–118. IEEE (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Vyatkin, V., Hanisch, H.M., Pang, C., Yang, C.H.: Closed-loop modeling in future automation system engineering and validation. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C (Appl. Rev.) 39(1), 17–28 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Wu, N., Zhou, M.: Intelligent token petri nets for modelling and control of reconfigurable automated manufacturing systems with dynamical changes. Trans. Inst. Meas. Control. 33(1), 9–29 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Xavier, M., Dubinin, V., Patil, S., Vyatkin, V.: An interactive learning approach on digital twin for deriving the controller logic in IEC 61499 standard. In: 27th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2022), Stuttgart, Germany, 6–9 September 2022. IEEE (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Xavier, M., Dubinin, V., Patil, S., Vyatkin, V.: Plant model generation from event log using prom for formal verification of cps. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.03681 (2022)

  38. Xavier, M., Dubinin, V., Patil, S., Vyatkin, V.: Process mining in industrial control systems. In: 2022 IEEE 20th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), pp. 1–6. IEEE (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Xavier, M., Håkansson, J., Patil, S., Vyatkin, V.: Plant model generator from digital twin for purpose of formal verification. In: 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), pp. 1–4. IEEE (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Xavier, M., Patil, S., Vyatkin, V.: Cyber-physical automation systems modelling with IEC 61499 for their formal verification. In: 2021 IEEE 19th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), pp. 1–6. IEEE (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Yoong, L.H., Roop, P.S.: Verifying IEC 61499 function blocks using Esterel. IEEE Embed. Syst. Lett. 2(1), 1–4 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Zhang, J., et al.: Modeling and verification of reconfigurable and energy-efficient manufacturing systems. Discret. Dyn. Nat. Soc. 2015 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Zhang, J., Khalgui, M., Li, Z., Mosbahi, O., Al-Ahmari, A.M.: R-TNCES: a novel formalism for reconfigurable discrete event control systems. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Syst. 43(4), 757–772 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Zhang, J., Li, H., Frey, G., Li, Z.: Shortest legal firing sequence of net condition/event systems using integer linear programming. In: 2018 IEEE 14th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), pp. 1556–1561. IEEE (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Zhang, J., Li, Z., Frey, G.: Simulation and analysis of reconfigurable assembly systems based on R-TNCES. J. Chin. Inst. Eng. 41(6), 494–502 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This paper attempts to be a tribute to Professor Hans-Michael Hanisch who has been a co-inventor and a great enthusiast and proponent of NCES as a part of the closed-loop modelling concept.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå Tekniska Universitet, Luleå, Sweden

    Midhun Xavier, Sandeep Patil & Valeriy Vyatkin

  2. Independent Researcher, Penza, Russia

    Victor Dubinin

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

    Valeriy Vyatkin

Authors
  1. Midhun Xavier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sandeep Patil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Victor Dubinin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Valeriy Vyatkin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Valeriy Vyatkin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal

    Luis Gomes

  2. University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany

    Robert Lorenz

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Xavier, M., Patil, S., Dubinin, V., Vyatkin, V. (2023). Formal Modelling, Analysis, and Synthesis of Modular Industrial Systems Inspired by Net Condition/Event Systems. In: Gomes, L., Lorenz, R. (eds) Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency. PETRI NETS 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13929. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33620-1_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33620-1_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-33619-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-33620-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation