Abstract
In recent years we have witnessed the emergence of new access techniques that use both wireless technologies and self-organizing features. Their combination eliminates the need for using pre-defined wired structures and prior configurations. In this paper, we propose an extension by enabling multipath routing over our Heterogeneous Technologies Routing (HTR) Framework. HTR Multipath routing offers several benefits such as load balancing, fault tolerance, routing loop prevention, energy-conservation, low end-to-end delay, congestion avoidance, among others. This work performs a comparative analysis of the proposed HTR extension, with the baseline HTR, and the widely-used Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. The evaluation is validated through the simulation of heterogeneous technologies such as WiMAX, 3GPP LTE and Wi-Fi. Results show that our proposal effectively improves the data delivery ratio and reduces the end-to-end delay without major impact on network energy consumption.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Li, J., Luo, S., Das, S., McAuley, T., Patel, M., Staikos, A., Gerla, M.: An Integrated Framework for Seamless Soft Handoff in Ad Hoc Networks. In: MILCOM 2006, pp. 1–7. IEEE (2006)
Souto, E., Aschoff, R., Lima Junior, J., Melo, R., Sadok, D., Kelner, J.: HTR: A framework for interconnecting wireless heterogeneous devices. In: 2012 IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC), pp. 645–649 (2012)
Calafate, C.M.T., Garcia, R.G., Manzoni, P.: Optimizing the implementation of a MANET routing protocol in a heterogeneous environment. In: Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, ISCC 2003, pp. 217–222. IEEE Comput. Soc. (2003)
Liu, C., Kaiser, J.: A Survey of Mobile Ad Hoc network Routing Protocols (2003)
Abolhasan, M., Wysocki, T., Dutkiewicz, E.: A review of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks 2, 1–22 (2004)
Crowcroft, J.: Mobile Ad-hoc Intern-domain Networking. In: Annual Conference of ITA (2007)
Chau, C., Crowcroft, J., Lee, K., Wong, S.H.Y.: IDRM: Inter-Domain Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. Computer (2008)
Schmid, S., Eggert, L., Brunner, M., Quittek, J.: Towards autonomous network domains. In: Proc. IEEE 24th Annu. Jt. Conf. IEEE Comput. Commun. Soc., pp. 2847–2852 (2005)
Boulicault, N., Chelius, G., Fleury, E.: Ana4: a 2.5 Framework for Deploying Real Multi-hop Ad hoc and Mesh Networks. Science (80-X ), 1–24 (2006)
Untz, V., Heusse, M., Rousseau, F., Duda, A.: Lilith: an interconnection architecture based on label switching for spontaneous edge networks. In: The First Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Networking and Services, MOBIQUITOUS 2004, pp. 146–151. IEEE (2004)
Jacinto, B., Vilaça, L., Kelner, J.: 3D routing: a protocol for emergency scenarios. In: Proc. 6th Int. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. Conf., pp. 519–523 (2010)
Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A.: RFC 3031 - Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture (2001), http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3031
Tarique, M., Tepe, K.E., Adibi, S., Erfani, S.: Survey of multipath routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 32, 1125–1143 (2009)
Marina, M.K., Das, S.R.: On-demand multipath distance vector routing in ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols, ICNP 2001, pp. 14–23. IEEE Comput. Soc. (2001)
Perkins, C., Royer, E., Das, S.: RFC 3561 - Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing (2003), http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3561
Leung, R., Poon, E., Chan, A.-L.C.: MP-DSR: a QoS-aware multi-path dynamic source routing protocol for wireless ad-hoc networks. In: Proceedings LCN 2001 26th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, pp. 132–141. IEEE Comput. Soc. (2001)
Maltz, D., Hu, Y., Johnson, D.: RFC 4728 - The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks for IPv4 (2007), http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4728
Yi, J., Adnane, A., David, S., Parrein, B.: Multipath optimized link state routing for mobile ad hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks 9, 28–47 (2011)
Clausen, T., Jacquet, P.: RFC 3626 - Optimized Link State Routing Protocol, OLSR (2003), http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt
Lee, S.-J., Gerla, M.: Split multipath routing with maximally disjoint paths in ad hoc networks. In: ICC 2001, IEEE International Conference on Communications, Conference Record (Cat. No.01CH37240), pp. 3201–3205. IEEE (2001)
Aschoff, R., Souto, E., Kelner, J., Sadok, D.: (WO2011009177) Network Address Allocation Method (2011)
Devi, R., Rao, S.: QoS Enhanced Hybrid Multipath Routing Protocol for Mobile Adhoc Networks. Int. J. Distrib. Parallel Syst. 3, 89–105 (2012)
Yi, J., Cizeron, E., Hamma, S., Parrein, B.: NET 08-2 - Simulation and Performance Analysis of MP-OLSR for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. In: 2008 IEEE Wirel. Commun. Netw. Conf., pp. 2235–2240 (2008)
Mueller, S., Tsang, R.P., Ghosal, D.: Multipath routing in mobile ad hoc networks: Issues and challenges. In: Calzarossa, M.C., Gelenbe, E. (eds.) MASCOTS 2003. LNCS, vol. 2965, pp. 209–234. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Panasonic: Panasonic CGR18650DA (Lithium Ion Batteries: Individual Data Sheet) (2007)
Texas Instruments: CC2420 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15. 4/ZigBee-ready RF Transceiver (2004)
Atmel: Atmel AT86RF535B (3.5 Ghz WiMAX Transceiver) (2007)
Infineon: Infineon BGA777L7 Data Sheet (2009)
Pareit, D., Petrov, V., Lannoo, B., Tanghe, E., Joseph, W., Moerman, I., Demeester, P., Martens, L.: A Throughput Analysis at the MAC Layer of Mobile WiMAX. In: 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, pp. 1–6. IEEE (2010)
Shapiro, S.S., Wilk, M.B.: An Analysis of Variance Test for Normality (Complete Samples). Biometrika 52, 591–611 (1965)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lima, J. et al. (2014). A Multipath Extension for the Heterogeneous Technology Routing Protocol. In: Guo, S., Lloret, J., Manzoni, P., Ruehrup, S. (eds) Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks. ADHOC-NOW 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8487. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07425-2_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07425-2_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-07424-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-07425-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)