Abstract
In this paper we study three semantics to combine constitutive and regulative norms. In the first semantics, called the simple-minded semantics, the output of the constitutive norms are intermediate facts used as input for the regulative norms. The second method is called throughput, and adds the input of the constitutive norms to the intermediate facts. The third method is called reusable throughput, because it reuses the output of the regulative norms in the input of the constitutive norms. In addition, we refine these three so-called abstract semantics such that the obligations are labeled with the intermediate facts used to derive them. These explanations in the labels can be used for norm change, interpretation or defeasible argumentation. We present complete axiomatisations for the abstract and refined versions of the three semantics.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Boella, G., van der Torre, L.: Regulative and constitutive norms in normative multi-agent systems. In: Dubois, D., Welty, C.A., Williams, M.-A. (eds.) Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Whistler, Canada, pp. 255–266. AAAI Press (2004)
Boella, G., van der Torre, L.: A logical architecture of a normative system. In: Goble, L., Meyer, J.-J.C. (eds.) DEON 2006. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4048, pp. 24–35. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Boutilier, C.: Toward a logic for qualitative decision theory. In: Doyle, J., Sandewall, E., Torasso, P. (eds.) Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Bonn, Germany, pp. 75–86. Morgan Kaufmann (1994)
Broome, J.: Rationality Through Reasoning. Wiley-Blackwell, West Sussex (2013)
Danielsson, S.: Preference and Obligation: Studies in the Logic of Ethics. Filosofiska Freningen, Uppsala (1968)
Gabbay, D., Horty, J., Parent, X., van der Meyden, R., van der Torre, L. (eds.): Handbook of Deontic Logic and Normative Systems. College Publications, London (2013)
Goble, L.: Murder most gentle: the paradox: deepens. Philosophical Studies 64, 217–227 (1991)
Governatori, G., Rotolo, A.: Bio logical agents: Norms, beliefs, intentions in defeasible logic. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 17(1), 36–69 (2008)
Grossi, D., Jones, A.: Constitutive norms and counts-as conditionals. In: Horty, J., Gabbay, D., Parent, X., van der Meyden, R., van der Torre, L. (eds.) Handbook of Deontic Logic and Normative Systems, pp. 407–441. College Publications, London (2013)
Grossi, D., Meyer, J.-J.C., Dignum, F.P.M.: Counts-as: Classification or Constitution? An Answer Using Modal Logic. In: Goble, L., Meyer, J.-J.C. (eds.) DEON 2006. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4048, pp. 115–130. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Hansson, B.: An analysis of some deontic logics. Noûs, 373–398 (1969)
Jones, A., Sergot, M.: A formal characterisation of institutionalised power. The Logic Journal of IGPL, pp. 427–443 (1996)
Lang, J., van der Torre, L.: From belief change to preference change. In: Ghallab, M., Spyropoulos, C.D., Fakotakis, N., Avouris, N. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Amsterdam, pp. 351–355. IOS Press (2008)
Lewis, D.K.: Counterfactuals. Blackwell, Oxford (1973)
Lindahl, L., Odelstad, J.: Normative systems and their revision: An algebraic approach. Artificial Intelligence and Law 11(2-3), 81–104 (2003)
Makinson, D.: On a fundamental problem in deontic logic. In: McNamara, P., Prakken, H. (eds.) Norms, Logics and Information Systems, Amsterdam, pp. 29–54. IOS Press (1999)
Makinson, D., van der Torre, L.: Input-output logics. Journal of Philosophical Logic 29, 383–408 (2000)
Makinson, D., van der Torre, L.: Constraints for input/output logics. Journal of Philosophical Logic 30(2), 155–185 (2001)
Makinson, D., van der Torre, L.: What is input/output logic? In: Lowe, B., Malzkorn, W., Rasch, T. (eds.) Foundations of the Formal Sciences II: Applications of Mathematical Logic in Philosophy and Linguistics, pp. 163–174 (2003)
Parent, X., van der Torre, L.: Aggregative deontic detachment for normative reasoning (short paper). In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR 2014) (2014)
Parent, X., van der Torre, L.: “sing and dance!” input/output logics without weakening. In: 12th International Conference on Deontic logic and Normative Systems (DEON 2014) (2014)
Rawls, J.: Two concepts of rules. The Philosophical Review 64(1), 3–32 (1955)
Ross, A.: Tû-tû. Harvard Law Review 70, 812–825 (1957)
Searle, J.R.: Speech Acts: an Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1969)
Stolpe, A.: Normative consequence: The problem of keeping it whilst giving it up. In: van der Meyden, R., van der Torre, L. (eds.) DEON 2008. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5076, pp. 174–188. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Tosatto, S., Boella, G., van der Torre, L., Villata, S.: Abstract normative systems: Semantics and proof theory. In: Brewka, G., Eiter, T., McIlraith, S.A. (eds.) Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Rome, pp. 358–368. AAAI Press (2012)
van der Torre, L., Tan, Y.: Contrary-to-duty reasoning with preference-based dyadic obligations. Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. 27(1-4), 49–78 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sun, X., van der Torre, L. (2014). Combining Constitutive and Regulative Norms in Input/Output Logic. In: Cariani, F., Grossi, D., Meheus, J., Parent, X. (eds) Deontic Logic and Normative Systems. DEON 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8554. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08615-6_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08615-6_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-08614-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-08615-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)