Abstract
Most biobjective evolutionary algorithms maintain a population of fixed size μ and return the final population at termination. During the optimization process many solutions are considered, but most are discarded. We present two generic postprocessing algorithms which utilize the archive of all non-dominated solutions evaluated during the search. We choose the best μ solutions from the archive such that the hypervolume or ε-indicator is maximized. This postprocessing costs no additional fitness function evaluations and has negligible runtime compared to most EMOAs.
We experimentally examine our postprocessing for four standard algorithms (NSGA-II, SPEA2, SMS-EMOA, IBEA) on ten standard test functions (DTLZ 1–2,7, ZDT 1–3, WFG 3–6) and measure the average quality improvement. The median decrease of the distance to the optimal ε-indicator is 95%, the median decrease of the distance to the optimal hypervolume value is 86%. We observe similar performance on a real-world problem (wind turbine placement).
The research leading to these results has received funding from the Australian Research Council (ARC) under grant agreement DP140103400 and from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no 618091 (SAGE). K.B. is a recipient of the Google Europe Fellowship in Randomized Algorithms, and this research is supported in part by this Google Fellowship.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Auger, A., Bader, J., Brockhoff, D., Zitzler, E.: Investigating and exploiting the bias of the weighted hypervolume to articulate user preferences. In: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2009, pp. 563–570 (2009)
Bringmann, K., Friedrich, T.: Approximating the volume of unions and intersections of high-dimensional geometric objects. Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications 43, 601–610 (2010)
Bringmann, K., Friedrich, T.: Convergence of hypervolume-based archiving algorithms II: Competitiveness. In: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2012, pp. 457–464 (2012)
Bringmann, K., Friedrich, T.: Parameterized average-case complexity of the hypervolume indicator. In: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2013, pp. 575–582 (2013)
Bringmann, K., Friedrich, T., Neumann, F., Wagner, M.: Approximation-guided evolutionary multi-objective optimization. In: 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2011, pp. 1198–1203. IJCAI/AAAI (2011)
Bringmann, K., Friedrich, T., Klitzke, P.: Two-dimensional subset selection for hypervolume and epsilon-indicator. In: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO (2014)
Brockhoff, D., Friedrich, T., Hebbinghaus, N., Klein, C., Neumann, F., Zitzler, E.: On the effects of adding objectives to plateau functions. IEEE Trans. Evolutionary Computation 13(3), 591–603 (2009)
Deb, K., Pratap, A., Agrawal, S., Meyarivan, T.: A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II. IEEE Trans. Evolutionary Computation 6(2), 182–197 (2002)
Deb, K., Thiele, L., Laumanns, M., Zitzler, E.: Scalable test problems for evolutionary multiobjective optimization. In: Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization, Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing, pp. 105–145 (2005)
Durillo, J.J., Nebro, A.J., Alba, E.: The jMetal framework for multi-objective optimization: Design and architecture. In: IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2010, pp. 4138–4325 (2010)
Ehrgott, M.: Multicriteria Optimization, 2nd edn. Springer (2005)
Emmerich, M.T.M., Beume, N., Naujoks, B.: An EMO algorithm using the hypervolume measure as selection criterion. In: 3rd International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, EMO 2005, pp. 62–76 (2005)
Friedrich, T., He, J., Hebbinghaus, N., Neumann, F., Witt, C.: Approximating covering problems by randomized search heuristics using multi-objective models. Evolutionary Computation 18(4), 617–633 (2010)
Friedrich, T., Hebbinghaus, N., Neumann, F.: Plateaus can be harder in multi-objective optimization. Theoretical Computer Science 411(6), 854–864 (2010)
Giel, O.: Expected runtimes of a simple multi-objective evolutionary algorithm. In: IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2003, pp. 1918–1925 (2003)
Giel, O., Lehre, P.K.: On the effect of populations in evolutionary multi-objective optimisation. Evolutionary Computation 18(3), 335–356 (2010)
Glasmachers, T.: Optimized approximation sets of low-dimensional benchmark pareto fronts. In: Bartz-Beielstein, T., et al. (eds.) PPSN XIII 2014. LNCS, vol. 8672, pp. 569–578. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
Huband, S., Barone, L., While, R.L., Hingston, P.: A scalable multi-objective test problem toolkit. In: 3rd International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, EMO 2005, pp. 280–295 (2005)
Ponte, A., Paquete, L., Figueira, J.R.: On beam search for multicriteria combinatorial optimization problems. In: 9th International Conference in Integration of AI and OR Techniques in Contraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems, CPAIOR 2012, pp. 307–321 (2012)
Tran, R., Wu, J., Denison, C., Ackling, T., Wagner, M., Neumann, F.: Fast and effective multi-objective optimisation of wind turbine placement. In: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2013, pp. 1381–1388 (2013)
Vaz, D., Paquete, L., Ponte, A.: A note on the ε-indicator subset selection. Theoretical Computer Science 499, 113–116 (2013)
Wagner, M., Day, J., Neumann, F.: A fast and effective local search algorithm for optimizing the placement of wind turbines. Renewable Energy 51, 64–70 (2013)
Zitzler, E., Künzli, S.: Indicator-based selection in multiobjective search. In: Yao, X., et al. (eds.) PPSN VIII. LNCS, vol. 3242, pp. 832–842. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Zitzler, E., Thiele, L.: Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: A comparative case study and the strength Pareto approach. IEEE Trans. Evolutionary Computation 3, 257–271 (1999)
Zitzler, E., Deb, K., Thiele, L.: Comparison of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: Empirical results. Evolutionary Computation 8(2), 173–195 (2000)
Zitzler, E., Laumanns, M., Thiele, L.: SPEA2: Improving the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm for multiobjective optimization. In: Evolutionary Methods for Design, Optimisation and Control with Application to Industrial Problems, EUROGEN 2001, pp. 95–100 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bringmann, K., Friedrich, T., Klitzke, P. (2014). Generic Postprocessing via Subset Selection for Hypervolume and Epsilon-Indicator. In: Bartz-Beielstein, T., Branke, J., Filipič, B., Smith, J. (eds) Parallel Problem Solving from Nature – PPSN XIII. PPSN 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8672. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10762-2_51
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10762-2_51
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10761-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10762-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)