Abstract
Cloud storage multi-homing (a.k.a. as multicloud) represents a possible solution to achieve enhanced availability of one’s own data and build an extremely reliable cloud environment out of relatively unreliable single cloud platforms. However, subscribing with multiple cloud providers comes at a cost. The cost of multiple subscriptions must be compared against the damage resulting from the possible temporary unavailability of the data stored on the cloud. A complementary approach is to protect against the economic damage resulting from data unavailability by subscribing an insurance policy. In this paper we investigate the complementary use of cloud multi-homing and insurance to obtain a total risk coverage against data unavailability. We provide a total cost function, which incorporates the cost of cloud subscriptions and the insurance premium, and investigate the possibility of trade-offs to achieve a total risk coverage at minimum cost.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Baker, M., Shah, M., Rosenthal, D.S.H., Roussopoulos, M., Maniatis, P., Giuli, T., Bungale, P.: A fresh look at the reliability of long-term digital storage. SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 40(4), 221–234 (2006)
Berndt, P., Maier, A.: Towards sustainable IAAS pricing. In: Altmann, J., Vanmechelen, K., Rana, O.F. (eds.) GECON 2013. LNCS, vol. 8193, pp. 173–184. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Casalicchio, E., Silvestri, L.: Mechanisms for SLA provisioning in cloud-based service providers. Comput. Netw. 57(3), 795–810 (2013)
Dutta, A.K., Hasan, R.: How much does storage really cost? Towards a full cost accounting model for data storage. In: Altmann, J., Vanmechelen, K., Rana, O.F. (eds.) GECON 2013. LNCS, vol. 8193, pp. 29–43. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Ford, D., Labelle, F., Popovici, F.I., Stokely, M., Truong, V.A., Barroso, L., Grimes, C., Quinlan, S.: Availability in globally distributed storage systems. In: 9th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation. OSDI 2010, Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 61–74 (2010)
Gill, P., Jain, N., Nagappan, N.: Understanding network failures in data centers: measurement, analysis, and implications. SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 41(4), 350–361 (2011)
Hu, Z., Zhu, L., Ardi, C., Katz-Bassett, E., Madhyastha, H.V., Heidemann, J., Yu, M.: The need for end-to-end evaluation of cloud availability. In: Faloutsos, M., Kuzmanovic, A. (eds.) PAM 2014. LNCS, vol. 8362, pp. 119–130. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
Kaas, R., Goovaerts, M., Dhaene, J., Denuit, M.: Modern Actuarial Risk Theory. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Kashef, M.M., Altmann, J.: A cost model for hybrid clouds. In: Vanmechelen, K., Altmann, J., Rana, O.F. (eds.) GECON 2011. LNCS, vol. 7150, pp. 46–60. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Laatikainen, G., Mazhelis, O., Tyrväinen, P.: Role of acquisition intervals in private and public cloud storage costs. Decis. Support Syst. 57, 320–330 (2014)
Mastroeni, L., Naldi, M.: Network protection through insurance: premium computation for the on-off service model. In: 8th International Workshop on the Design of Reliable Communication Networks. DRCN 2011, Krakow, pp. 46–53. IEEE (2011)
Mastroeni, L., Naldi, M.: Storage buy-or-lease decisions in cloud computing under price uncertainty. In: 7th EuroNF Conference on Next Generation Internet. NGI 2011, Kaiserslautern. IEEE (2011)
Mastroeni, L., Naldi, M.: Pricing of insurance policies against cloud storage price rises. SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev. 40(2), 42–45 (2012)
Mastroeni, L., Naldi, M.: Long-range evaluation of risk in the migration to cloud storage. In: 13th IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing. CEC 2011, Luxembourg, pp. 260–266. IEEE (2011)
Mu, S., Chen, K., Gao, P., Ye, F., Wu, Y., Zheng, W.: \(\mu \) LibCloud: providing high available and uniform accessing to multiple cloud storages. In: 2012 ACM/IEEE 13th International Conference on Grid Computing, Beijing, China, pp. 201–208. ACM (2012)
Naldi, M.: A note on “The Need for End-to-End Evaluation of Cloud Availability”. ArXiv e-print 1408.0510, August 2014. http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.0510
Naldi, M.: The availability of cloud-based services: Is it living up to its promise? In: 9th International Conference on the Design of Reliable Communication Networks. DRCN 2013, pp. 282–289. IEEE (2013)
Naldi, M.: Forecast uncertainty in procurement decisions for cloud storage. In: 2014 UKSim-AMSS 16th International Conference on Computer Modelling and Simulation, Cambridge, pp. 237–242. IEEE (2014)
Naldi, M., Mastroeni, L.: Cloud storage pricing: a comparison of current practices. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Services. HotTopiCS ’13, Prague, pp. 27–34. ACM, New York (2013)
Papaioannou, T.G., Bonvin, N., Aberer, K.: Scalia: an adaptive scheme for efficient multi-cloud storage. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis. SC ’12, pp. 20:1–20:10. IEEE/ACM (2012)
Pratt, J.W.: Risk aversion in the small and in the large. Econometrica 32(1–2), 122–136 (1964)
Roovers, J., Vanmechelen, K., Broeckhove, J.: A reverse auction market for cloud resources. In: Vanmechelen, K., Altmann, J., Rana, O.F. (eds.) GECON 2011. LNCS, vol. 7150, pp. 32–45. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Venkatesan, V., Iliadis, I.: A general reliability model for data storage systems. Research report RZ3817, IBM Research, Zurich, March 2012
Walker, E., Brisken, W., Romney, J.: To lease or not to lease from storage clouds. IEEE Comput. 43(4), 44–50 (2010)
Wilson, R.: Nonlinear Pricing. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1997)
Zhai, E., Chen, R., Wolinsky, D.I., Ford, B.: An untold story of redundant clouds: making your service deployment truly reliable. In: Proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Hot Topics in Dependable Systems. HotDep ’13, pp. 3:1–3:6. ACM, New York (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Naldi, M. (2014). Balancing Leasing and Insurance Costs to Achieve Total Risk Coverage in Cloud Storage Multi-homing. In: Altmann, J., Vanmechelen, K., Rana, O. (eds) Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services. GECON 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8914. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14609-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14609-6_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-14608-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-14609-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)