Definition
Wayfinding behavior is the purposeful, directed, and motivated movement from an origin to a specific distant destination that cannot be directly perceived by the traveler. It involves interaction between the wayfinder and the environment.
Affordances are a concept from ecological psychology based on the paradigm of direct perception. They are specific combinations of the properties of substances and surfaces taken with reference to an observer. These invariant compounds are specified in ambient light-which is the result of illumination-and detected as units. Ambient light has structure and therefore information.
Agent simulationis a technique of imitating the behavior of some situation or process involving one or many agents. An agent is anything that can perceive its environment through sensors and act upon it through effectors. Agents are...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Ali W, Moulin B (2005) 2D–3D multi-agent geo-simulation with knowledge-based agents of customers’ shopping behavior in a shopping mall. In: Cohn AG, Mark DM (eds) Spatial information theory. Springer, Berlin, pp 445–458
Allen G (1999) Spatial abilities, cognitive maps, and wayfinding – bases for individual differences in spatial cognition and behavior. In: Golledge R (ed) Wayfinding behavior – cognitive mapping and other spatial processes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 46–80
Arthur P, Passini R (1992) Wayfinding: people, signs, and architecture, vol 238. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto
Cornwell J et al (2003) Affordance theory for improving the rapid generation, composability, and reusability of synthetic agents and objects. In: 12th Conference on behavior representation in modeling and simulation, Scottsdale
Ferber J (1999) Multi-agent systems – an introduction to distributed artificial intelligence. Addison-Wesley, London
Frank A (2000) Spatial communication with maps: defining the correctness of maps using a multi-agent simulation. In: Freksa C et al (eds) Spatial cognition II – integrating abstract theories, empirical studies, formal methods, and practical applications. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 80–99
Gaver W (1991) Technology affordances. In: Proceedings of conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI’91). ACM Press, New York, pp 79–84
Gibson J (1979) The ecological approach to visual perception, vol 332. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston
Gimblett H, Itami R, Durnota D (1996) Some practical issues in designing and calibrating artificial human-recreator agents in GIS-based simulated worlds. Complex Int 3
Golledge R (1999) Human wayfinding and cognitive maps. In: Golledge R (ed) Wayfinding behavior – cognitive mapping and other spatial processes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 5–45
Hochmair H, Lüttich K (2006) An analysis of the navigation metaphor – and why it works for the world wide web. Spat Cogn Comput 6 (2):235–278
Lakoff G (1987) Women, fire, and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind, vol 614. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago
Lovas G (1994) Modeling and simulation of pedestrian traffic flow. Trans Res B 28(6):429–443
Lynch K (1960) The image of the city. MIT Press, Cambridge
Montello D (1993) Scale and multiple psychologies of space. In: Frank AU, Campari I (eds) Spatial information theory: theoretical basis for GIS. Springer, Heidelberg/Berlin, pp 312–321
Norman D (1988) The design of everyday things, vol 257. Doubleday, New York
Pelechano N, Badler N (2006) Modeling crowd and trained leader behavior during building evacuation. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 26(6):80–86
Rasmussen J, Pejtersen A (1995) Virtual ecology of work. In: Flack J et al (eds) Global perspectives on the ecology of human-machine systems. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, pp 121–156
Raubal M (2001a) Ontology and epistemology for agent-based wayfinding simulation. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 15(7):653–665
Raubal M (2001b) Human wayfinding in unfamiliar buildings: a simulation with a cognizing agent. Cogn Process 2(2–3):363–388
Russell S, Norvig P (2003) Artificial intelligence: a modern approach, 2nd edn. Prentice hall series in artificial intelligence. Prentice Hall, London
Seidel A (1982) Way-finding in public spaces: the Dallas/Fort worth, USA Airport. In: 20th international congress of applied psychology, Edinburgh
Warren W (1995) Constructing an econiche. In: Flack J et al (eds) Global perspectives on the ecology of human-machine systems. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, pp 210–237
Weisman J (1981) Evaluating architectural legibility: way-finding in the built environment. Environ Behav 13:189–204
Zhang J, Patel V (2006) Distributed cognition, representation, and affordance. Pragmat Cogn 14(2):333–341
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Raubal, M. (2017). Wayfinding: Affordances and Agent Simulation. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H., Zhou, X. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17885-1_1469
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17885-1_1469
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17884-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17885-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceReference Module Computer Science and Engineering