Skip to main content

Question Analysis for a Closed Domain Question Answering System

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 9042))

Abstract

This study describes and evaluates the techniques we developed for the question analysis module of a closed domain Question Answering (QA) system that is intended for high-school students to support their education. Question analysis, which involves analyzing the questions to extract the necessary information for determining what is being asked and how to approach answering it, is one of the most crucial vcomponents of a QA system. Therefore, we propose novel methods for two major problems in question analysis, namely focus extraction and question classification, based on integrating a rule-based and a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based sequence classification approach, both of which make use of the dependency relations among the words in the question. Comparisons of these solutions with baseline models are also provided. This study also offers a manually collected and annotated vgold standard data set for further research in this area.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Allam, A.M.N., Haggag, M.H.: The question answering systems: A survey. International Journal of Research and Reviews in Information Sciences (IJRRIS) 2 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Benoit, D., Demaine, E.D., Munro, J.I., Raman, V.: Representing trees of higher degree. In: Dehne, F., Gupta, A., Sack, J.-R., Tamassia, R. (eds.) WADS 1999. LNCS, vol. 1663, pp. 169–180. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bunescu, R., Huang, Y.: Towards a general model of answer typing: Question focus identification. In: International Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics (CICLING) (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dominguez-Sal, D., Surdeanu, M.: A machine learning approach for factoid question answering. Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Er, N.P., Çiçekli: A factoid question answering system using answer pattern matching. In: International Joint Coneference on Natural Langauge Processing, pp. 854–858 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Eryiğit, G.: The impact of automatic morphological analysis & disambiguation on dependency parsing of turkish. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), Istanbul, Turkey (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Eryiğit, G., Nivre, J., Oflazer, K.: Dependency parsing of turkish. Computational Linguistics 34, 357–389 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ferrucci, D.A.: Introduction to “this is watson”. IBM Journal of Research and Development 56, 1–15 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Gupta, P., Gupta, V.: A survey of text question answering techniques. International Journal of Computer Applications 53, 1–8 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Katz, B.: Annotating the world wide web using natural language. In: Proceedings of the 5th RIAO Conference on Computer Assisted Information Searching on the Internet, pp. 136–159 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lally, A., Prager, J.M., McCord, M.C., Boguraev, B.K., Patwardhan, S., Fan, J., Fodor, P., Chu-Caroll, J.: Question analysis: How watson reads a clue. IBM Journal of Research and Development 56, 2:1–14 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Li, X., Roth, D.: Learning question classifiers: the role of semantic information. Natural Language Engineering 12, 229–249 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Metzler, D., Croft, B.W.: Analysis of statistical question classification for fact-based questions. Information Retrieval 8, 481–504 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Munro, J.I., Raman, V.: Succinct representation of balanced parentheses and static trees. SIAM J. Comput. 31, 762–776 (2002)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Nivre, J., Hall, J., Nilsson, J., Chanev, A., Eryiğit, G., Kübler, S., Marinov, S., Marsi, E.: Maltparser: A language-independent system for data-driven dependency parsing. Natural Language Engineering Journal 13, 99–135 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Şahin, M., Sulubacak, U., Eryiğit, G.: Redefinition of turkish morphology using flag diacritics. In: Proceedings of The Tenth Symposium on Natural Language Processing (SNLP 2013) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Viterbi, A.: Error bounds for convolutional codes and an asymptotically optimum decoding algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 13 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Wen, L., Amagasa, T., Kitagawa, H.: An approach for XML similarity join using tree serialization. In: Haritsa, J.R., Kotagiri, R., Pudi, V. (eds.) DASFAA 2008. LNCS, vol. 4947, pp. 562–570. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Zheng, Z.: Answerbus question answering system. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Human Language Technology Research (HLT), pp. 399–404 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Caner Derici .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Derici, C. et al. (2015). Question Analysis for a Closed Domain Question Answering System. In: Gelbukh, A. (eds) Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing. CICLing 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9042. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18117-2_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18117-2_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18116-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18117-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics