Abstract
This paper presents the solution of optimal power flow (OPF) of power system with flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices by using opposition-based gravitational search algorithm (OGSA). OPF problem with FACTS is solved by the way of minimizing an objective function which reflects cost of generation, emission and active power transmission loss. FACTS devices considered include thyristor controlled series capacitor and thyristor controlled phase shifter. The proposed approach has been examined and tested on the IEEE 57-bus test power system. The obtained results are compared with those reported in the literature. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Considering the quality of the solution obtained, the proposed algorithm seems to be effective and robust to solve the studied problem.
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Abbreviations
- \( N_{G} \) :
-
Number of generators
- \( P_{{_{{G_{i} }} }}^{\hbox{min} } ,\;P_{{_{{G_{i} }} }}^{\hbox{max} } \) :
-
Minimum and maximum active power generation of ith generator, respectively
- \( \delta_{ij} \) :
-
Phase difference of voltages between ith and jth bus
- \( P_{Li} \) :
-
Active power demand of the ith bus
- \( Q_{Gi} ,Q_{Li} \) :
-
Reactive power generation and demand of the ith bus, respectively
- \( P_{TCPS} ,Q_{TCPS} \) :
-
Injected active and reactive powers of TCPS at the ith bus, respectively
- \( N_{B} \) :
-
Number of buses
- \( Y_{ij} \) :
-
Admittance of transmission line connected between the ith and the jth bus
- \( \theta_{ij} \) :
-
Admittance angle of transmission line connected between the ith and the jth bus
- \( N_{TCPS} \) :
-
Number of TCPS devices
- \( N_{TCSC} \) :
-
Number of TCSC devices
- \( X_{{TCSC_{i} }}^{\hbox{min} } ,X_{{TCSC_{i} }}^{\hbox{max} } \) :
-
Minimum and maximum reactance of the ith TCSC, respectively
- \( \phi_{{TCPS_{i} }}^{\hbox{min} } ,\phi_{{TCPS_{i} }}^{\hbox{max} } \) :
-
Minimum and maximum phase shift angle of the ith TCPS respectively
- \( E(P_{G} ) \) :
-
Total emission
- \( \alpha_{i} ,\beta_{i} ,\gamma_{i} ,\eta_{i} \;{\text{and}}\,\lambda_{i} \) :
-
Emission coefficients of ith generator
- \( N_{TL} \) :
-
Number of transmission lines
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Shaw, B., Mukherjee, V., Ghoshal, S.P. (2015). Solution of Optimal Power Flow with FACTS Devices Using Opposition-Based Gravitational Search Algorithm. In: Panigrahi, B., Suganthan, P., Das, S. (eds) Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing. SEMCCO 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8947. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20294-5_57
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