Abstract
We present the progress of our ongoing research titled Mathematics Wall which aims to create an interactive problem solving environment where the system intelligently interacts with users. In its full glory, the wall shall provide answers and useful explanations to the problem-solving process using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. In this report, we discuss the following components: the digital ink segmentation task, the symbol recognition task, the structural analysis task, the mathematics expression recognition, the evaluation of the mathematics expressions and finally present the results. We then present and discuss the design decisions of the whole framework and subsequently, the implementation of the prototypes. Finally, future work on the explanation facility is discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Chan, K.F., Yeung, D.Y.: Mathematical expression recognition: A survey. International Journal on Document Analysis snd Recognition 3(1), 3–15 (2000)
Anderson, R.H.: Two-dimensional mathematical notation. In: Fu, K.S. (ed.) Syntactic Pattern Recognition Applications, pp. 147–148. Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg (1977)
LaViola, Jr. J.J., Zeleznik, R.: MathPad2: a system for the creation and exploration of mathematical sketches. In: Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 432–440. ACM SIGGRAPH (2004)
Bainbridge, D., Carter, N.: Automatic reading of music notation. In: Bunke, H., Wang, P.S.P. (eds.) Handbook of Character Recognition and Document Image Analysis, pp. 583–603. World Scientific, Singapore (1997)
Fornés, A., Lladós, J., Sánchez, G.: Primitive segmentation in old handwritten music scores. In: Liu, W., Lladós, J. (eds.) GREC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3926, pp. 279–290. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Chang, S.K.: A method for the structural analysis of two-dimensional mathematical expressions. Information Sciences 2(3), 253–272 (1970). Elsevier
LaViola, Jr. J.J., Bott, J.N.: A pen-based tool for visualising vector mathematics. In: Proceedings of the 7th Sketch-based Interfaces and Modelling Symposium (SBIM 2010), pp. 103–110. Eurographics Association (2010)
Forsberg, A., Holden, L., Millrt, T., Zeleznik, R.: Music notepad. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, pp. 203–210. ACM (1998)
Lee, K.C., Phon-Amnuaisuk, S., Ting, C.Y.: Handwritten music notation recognition using HMM: a non-gestural approach. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management (CAMP 2010), March 16–18, 2010
Yang, R.U., Su, F., Lu, T.: Research of the structural-learning-based symbol recognition mechanism for engineering drawings. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Digital Content, Multimedia Technology and its Applications (IDC), Seoul, pp. 346–349, August 16–18, 2010
Berman, B.P., Fateman, R.J.: Optical character recognition for typeset mathematics. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation (ISSAC 1994), pp. 348–353. ACM Press (1994)
Ha, J., Haralick, R.M., Phillips, I.T.: Recursive X-Y cut using bounding boxes of connected components. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, (ICDAR 1995), vol. II, pp. 952–955, August 1995
Kim, D.H., Kim, J.H.: Top-dowm search with bottom-up evidence for hand written mathematical expressions. In: Proceedings of the 12nd International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR 2010), Kolkata, pp. 507–512 (2010)
Zanibbi, R., Blostein, D.: Recognition and retrieval of mathematical expressions. International Journal on Document Analysis snd Recognition 15, 331–357 (2012)
Specht, D.F.: Probabilistic neural networks. Neural Networks 3, 109–118 (1990)
Htaik, T.T., Phon-Amnuaisuk, S.: Intelligent tutoring system for mathematical problems: explanation generations for integration problem (EGIP). In: Proceedings to the third International Conference on Computer Application, Yangon, Myanmar 2005, March 9–10, 2005
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Phon-Amnuaisuk, S., Omar, S., Au, TW., Ramlie, R. (2015). Mathematics Wall: Enriching Mathematics Education Through AI. In: Tan, Y., Shi, Y., Buarque, F., Gelbukh, A., Das, S., Engelbrecht, A. (eds) Advances in Swarm and Computational Intelligence. ICSI 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9142. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20469-7_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20469-7_33
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-20468-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-20469-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)