Abstract
With the evolution of cars into complex electronic-mechanical systems and related increasing relevance of electronic manipulation and malicious attacks on automotive IT, Security warnings are becoming also more important. This paper presents the findings regarding the potential effect of IT security warnings in vehicles. Different warning approaches were designed and analyzed in driving simulator tests, based upon three representative IT security threats and three variations of the information quantity and recommended action. The potential effect of these warnings was measured using three scenarios, including the simulated consequences, e.g. sudden swerve of vehicle. We analyzed the implications on drivers reaction, task performance, thoughts and emotions to derive the stress level. We found a positive effect of given recommendations due to the lack of security awareness in automotive IT, accompanied by a high variety of warnings cause interpretations. Especially without given recommendation a higher rate of ignorance was observed, leading to accidents.
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For the first test person the thermal video was lost due to an error discovered in the recording software.
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Acknowledgements
We thank our students in the team AUTOalert and EmotionTransition for supporting these research activities with their contributions in our Multimedia Systems Project lecture in winter term 2014/2015.
This work was partly (performing the tests and evaluation of the results, emotional aspects and resilience linked analysis) supported by German Research Foundation, project ORCHideas (DFG GZ: 863/4-1).
This work was also partly (definition of the scenarios derived from the high level project requirements) supported by European Research Foundation, project SAVELEC (Safe control of non cooperative vehicles through electromagnetic means, FP7- SEC-2011, Grant Agreement Number 285202).
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Altschaffel, R., Hoppe, T., Kuhlmann, S., Dittmann, J. (2015). Simulation of Automotive Security Threat Warnings to Analyze Driver Interpretations and Emotional Transitions. In: Koornneef, F., van Gulijk, C. (eds) Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. SAFECOMP 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9337. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24255-2_5
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