Skip to main content

Cluster Dependent Classifiers for Online Signature Verification

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Mining Intelligence and Knowledge Exploration (MIKE 2015)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9468))

Abstract

In this paper, the applicability of notion of cluster dependent classifier for online signature verification is investigated. For every writer, by the use of a number of training samples, a representative is selected based on minimum average distance criteria (centroid) across all the samples of that writer. Later k-means clustering algorithm is employed to cluster the writers based on the chosen representatives. To select a suitable classifier for a writer, the equal error rate (EER) is estimated using each of the classifier for every writer in a cluster. The classifier which gives the lowest EER for a writer is selected to be the suitable classifier for that writer. Once the classifier for each writer in a cluster is decided, the classifier which has been selected for a maximum number of writers in that cluster is decided to be the classifier for all writers of that cluster. During verification, the authenticity of the query signature is decided using the same classifier which has been selected for the cluster to which the claimed writer belongs. In comparison with the existing works on online signature verification, which use a common classifier for all writers during verification, our work is based on the usage of a classifier which is cluster dependent. On the other hand our intuition is to recommend to use a same classifier for all and only those writers who have some common characteristics and to use different classifiers for writers of different characteristics. To demonstrate the efficacy of our model, extensive experiments are carried out on the MCYT online signature dataset (DB1) consisting signatures of 100 individuals. The outcome of the experiments being indicative of increased performance with the adaption of cluster dependent classifier seems to open up a new avenue for further investigation on a reasonably large dataset.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Plamondon, R., Lorette, G.: Automatic signature verification and writer identification: the state of the art. Pattern Recogn. 2(2), 107–131 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Jain, A.K., Griess, F.D., Connell, S.D.: On-line signature verification. Pattern Recogn. 35(12), 2963–2972 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Impedovo, D., Pirlo, G.: Automatic signature verification: the state of the art. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev. 38(5), 609–635 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang, Z., Wang, K., Wang, Y.: A survey of on-line signature verification. In: Sun, Z., Lai, J., Chen, X., Tan, T. (eds.) CCBR 2011. LNCS, vol. 7098, pp. 141–149. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Khan, M.K., Khan, M.A., Khan, U., Ahmad, I.: On-line signature verification by exploiting inter-feature dependencies. In: Proceedings of the ICPR, pp. 796–799 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fierrez, J., Garcia, J.O., Ramos, D., Rodriguez, J.G.: HMM-based on-line signature verification: feature extraction and signature modeling. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 28(16), 2325–2334 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zou, J., Wang, Z.: Application of HMM to online signature verification based on segment differences. In: Sun, Z., Shan, S., Yang, G., Zhou, J., Wang, Y., Yin, Y. (eds.) CCBR 2013. LNCS, vol. 8232, pp. 425–432. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Parodi, M., Gómez, J.C.: Legendre polynomials based feature extraction for online signature verification. Consistency analysis of feature combinations. Pattern Recogn. 47, 128–140 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Meshoul, S., Batouche, M.: A novel approach for Online signature verification using fisher based probabilistic neural network. In: IEEE International Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), pp. 314–319 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Muramatsu, M., Kondo, M., Sasaki, M., Tachibana, S., Matsumoto, T.: A markov chain monte carlo algorithm for bayesian dynamic signature verification. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 1(1), 22–34 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Guru, D.S., Prakash, H.N.: Online signature verification and recognition: An approach based on Symbolic representation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 31(6), 1059–1073 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fiérrez-Aguilar, J., Nanni, L., Lopez-Peñalba, J., Ortega-Garcia, J., Maltoni, D.: An on-line signature verification system based on fusion of local and global information. In: Kanade, T., Jain, A., Ratha, N.K. (eds.) AVBPA 2005. LNCS, vol. 3546, pp. 523–532. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Nanni, L., Majorana, E., Lumini, A., Campisi, P.: Combining local, regional and global matchers for a template protected on-line signature verification system. Expert Syst. Appl. 37(5), 3676–3684 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nanni, L.: Experimental comparison of one-class classifiers for on-line signature verification. Neurocomputing 69(7–9), 869–873 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Nanni, L., Lumini, A.: Advanced methods for two-class problem formulation for on-line signature verification. Neurocomputing 69, 854–857 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Pirlo, G., Cuccovillo, V., Impedovo, D., Mignone, P.: On-line signature verification by multi-domain classification. In: 14th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR), pp. 67–72 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Fiérrez-Aguilar, J., Krawczyk, S., Ortega-Garcia, J., Jain, A.K.: Fusion of local and regional approaches for on-line signature verification. In: Li, S.Z., Sun, Z., Tan, T., Pankanti, S., Chollet, G., Zhang, D. (eds.) IWBRS 2005. LNCS, vol. 3781, pp. 188–196. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Eskander, G.S., Sabourin, R., Granger, E.: Hybrid writer-independent–writer-dependent offline signature verification system. IET Biometrics 2(4), 169–181 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Guru, D.S., Prakash, H.N., Manjunath, S.: On-line signature verification: an approach based on cluster representation of global features. In: International conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition (ICAPR), pp. 209–212 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Liu, N., Wang, Y.: Template selection for on-line signature verification. In: 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), pp. 1–4 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jain, A.K.: Data clustering: 50 years beyond K-means. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 31(8), 651–666 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Houmani, N., Salicetti, S.G., Dorrizi, B.: On measuring forgery quality in online signatures. Pattern Recogn. 45(3), 1004–1018 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank J.F. Aguilar and J.O. Garcia for sharing MCYT-100, a sub corpus of online signature data set and thanks to Prof. Anil K. Jain for his associated support to get the dataset.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K.S. Manjunatha .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Manjunath, S., Manjunatha, K., Guru, D., Somashekara, M. (2015). Cluster Dependent Classifiers for Online Signature Verification. In: Prasath, R., Vuppala, A., Kathirvalavakumar, T. (eds) Mining Intelligence and Knowledge Exploration. MIKE 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9468. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26832-3_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26832-3_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-26831-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26832-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics