Skip to main content

Probabilistic Model Checking of Ant-Based Positionless Swarming

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9716))

Abstract

Robot swarms are collections of simple robots cooperating without centralized control. Control algorithms for swarms are often inspired by decentralised problem-solving systems found in nature. In this paper we conduct a formal analysis of an algorithm inspired by the foraging behaviour of ants, where a swarm of flying vehicles searches for a target at some unknown location. We show how both exhaustive model checking and statistical model checking can be used to check properties that complement the results obtained through simulation, resulting in information that would facilitate the logistics of swarm deployment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Behdenna, A., Dixon, C., Fisher, M.: Deductive verification of simple foraging robotic behaviours. Int. J. Intell. Comput. Cybern. 2(4), 604–643 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Beni, G.: From swarm intelligence to swarm robotics. In: Şahin, E., Spears, W.M. (eds.) Swarm Robotics 2004. LNCS, vol. 3342, pp. 1–9. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bonabeau, E., Dorigo, M., Theraulaz, G.: Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1999)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Bonabeau, E., Sobkowski, A., Theraulaz, G., Deneubourg, J.L.: Adaptive task allocation inspired by a model of division of labor in social insects. In: Proceedings of BCEC97, pp. 36–45. World Scientific (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Campo, A., Dorigo, M.: Efficient multi-foraging in swarm robotics. In: Almeida e Costa, F., Rocha, L.M., Costa, E., Harvey, I., Coutinho, A. (eds.) ECAL 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4648, pp. 696–705. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Deneubourg, J.L., Goss, S., Franks, N., Pasteels, J.M.: The blind leading the blind: modeling chemically mediated army ant raid patterns. J. Insect Behav. 2(5), 719–725 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Dixon, C., Winfield, A.F., Fisher, M., Zeng, C.: Towards temporal verification of swarm robotic systems. Robot. Auton. Syst. 60(11), 1429–1441 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gainer, P., Dixon, C., Hustadt, U.: Probabilistic Model Checking of Ant-Based Positionless Swarming (Extended Version). Techical report ULCS-16-001, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hansson, H., Jonsson, B.: A logic for reasoning about time and reliability. Formal Aspects Comput. 6(5), 512–535 (1994)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Hauert, S., Winkler, L., Zufferey, J.C., Floreano, D.: Ant-based swarming with positionless micro air vehicles for communication relay. Swarm Intell. 2(2–4), 167–188 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Herd, B., Miles, S., McBurney, P., Luck, M.: Approximate verification of swarm-based systems: a vision and preliminary results. In: Proceedings of 23rd Safety-Critical Systems Symposium, pp. 361–378. SCSC (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hinton, A., Kwiatkowska, M., Norman, G., Parker, D.: PRISM: a tool for automatic verification of probabilistic systems. In: Hermanns, H., Palsberg, J. (eds.) TACAS 2006. LNCS, vol. 3920, pp. 441–444. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Konur, S., Dixon, C., Fisher, M.: Analysing robot swarm behaviour via probabilistic model checking. Robot. Auton. Syst. 60(2), 199–213 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kouvaros, P., Lomuscio, A.: Verifying emergent properties of swarms. In: Proceedings of AAAI 2015, pp. 1083–1089. AAAI Press (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Liu, W., Winfield, A.F.T., Sa, J., Chen, J., Dou, L.: Strategies for energy optimisation in a swarm of foraging robots. In: Şahin, E., Spears, W.M., Winfield, A.F.T. (eds.) SAB 2006 Ws 2007. LNCS, vol. 4433, pp. 14–26. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Parker, D.A.: Implementation of symbolic model checking for probabilistic systems. Ph.D. thesis, University of Birmingham (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Şahin, E., Winfield, A.: Special issue on swarm robotics. Swarm Intell. 2(2), 69–72 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Støy, K.: Using situated communication in distributed autonomous mobile robotics. In: Proceedings of SCAI 2001, pp. 44–52. IOS Press (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Theraulaz, G., Bonabeau, E.: Coordination in distributed building. Science 269, 686–686 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Networks Sciences and Technology Initiative (NeST) of the University of Liverpool for the use of their computing facilities. The first author would like to acknowledge the funding received from the Sir Joseph Rotblat Alumni Scholarship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paul Gainer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Gainer, P., Dixon, C., Hustadt, U. (2016). Probabilistic Model Checking of Ant-Based Positionless Swarming. In: Alboul, L., Damian, D., Aitken, J. (eds) Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems. TAROS 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9716. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40379-3_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40379-3_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40378-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40379-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics