Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Integrating Symbolic and Sub-symbolic Reasoning

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Artificial General Intelligence (AGI 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9782))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

This paper proposes a way of bridging the gap between symbolic and sub-symbolic reasoning. More precisely, it describes a developing system with bounded rationality that bases its decisions on sub-symbolic as well as symbolic reasoning. The system has a fixed set of needs and its sole goal is to stay alive as long as possible by satisfying those needs. It operates without pre-programmed knowledge of any kind. The learning mechanism consists of several meta-rules that govern the development of its network-based memory structure. The decision making mechanism operates under time constraints and combines symbolic reasoning, aimed at compressing information, with sub-symbolic reasoning, aimed at planning.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Anderson, J., Bothell, D., Byrne, M., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., Qin, Y.: An integrated theory of the mind. Psychol. Rev. 111(4), 1036 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Fitzpatrick, R., Heiberg, J.: Euclid’s Elements (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Goertzel, B., Pennachin, C., Geisweiller, N.: The OpenCog Framework. In: Engineering General Intelligence, Part 2, pp. 3–29. Springer (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  4. James, W.: The Principles of Psychology. American Science Series: Advanced Course. H. Holt, New York (1918)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kahneman, D.: A perspective on judgment and choice: mapping bounded rationality. Am. Psychol. 58(9), 697 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kelley, T.D.: Symbolic and sub-symbolic representations in computational models of human cognition what can be learned from biology? Theory Psychol. 13(6), 847–860 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Knight, W.: Will machines eliminate us? MIT Technol. Rev. 119 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Laird, J.: The Soar Cognitive Architecture. MIT Press, Cambridge (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nizamani, A.R., Juel, J., Persson, U., Strannegård, C.: Bounded cognitive resources and arbitrary domains. In: Bieger, J., Goertzel, B., Potapov, A. (eds.) AGI 2015. LNCS, vol. 9205, pp. 166–176. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Ross, G.: Aristotle: De Sensu and De Memoria. The University Press, Cambridge (1906)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Schmidhuber, J.: Simple algorithmic principles of discovery, subjective beauty, selective attention, curiosity & creativity. In: Corruble, V., Takeda, M., Suzuki, E. (eds.) DS 2007. LNCS, vol. 4755, pp. 26–38. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Silver, D., et al.: Mastering the game of go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature 529(7587), 484–489 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Simon, H.A.: Models of Bounded Rationality: Empirically Grounded Economic Reason, vol. 3. MIT Press, Cambridge (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Steunebrink, B.R., Koutník, J., Thórisson, K.R., Nivel, E., Schmidhuber, J.: Resource-bounded machines are motivated to be effective, efficient, and curious. In: Kühnberger, K.-U., Rudolph, S., Wang, P. (eds.) AGI 2013. LNCS, vol. 7999, pp. 119–129. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Strannegård, C., Cirillo, S., Wessberg, J.: Emotional concept development. In: Bieger, J., Goertzel, B., Potapov, A. (eds.) AGI 2015. LNCS, vol. 9205, pp. 362–372. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Strannegård, C., Nizamani, A.R., Sjöberg, A., Engström, F.: Bounded kolmogorov complexity based on cognitive models. In: Kühnberger, K.-U., Rudolph, S., Wang, P. (eds.) AGI 2013. LNCS, vol. 7999, pp. 130–139. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang, P., Hammer, P.: Assumptions of decision-making models in AGI. In: Bieger, J., Goertzel, B., Potapov, A. (eds.) AGI 2015. LNCS, vol. 9205, pp. 197–207. Springer, Heidelberg (2015)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by The Swedish Research Council, grants 2012-1000 and 2013-4873. We would like to thank José Hernández-Orallo for many helpful suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Philosophy, Linguistics and Theory of Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Claes Strannegård

  2. Department of Applied Information Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Claes Strannegård

  3. Department of Applied Information Technology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Abdul Rahim Nizamani

Authors
  1. Claes Strannegård
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abdul Rahim Nizamani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Claes Strannegård .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Galleria 1, IDSIA, Manno, Switzerland

    Bas Steunebrink

  2. Temple University, Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, USA

    Pei Wang

  3. Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

    Ben Goertzel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Strannegård, C., Nizamani, A.R. (2016). Integrating Symbolic and Sub-symbolic Reasoning. In: Steunebrink, B., Wang, P., Goertzel, B. (eds) Artificial General Intelligence. AGI 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9782. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41649-6_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41649-6_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-41648-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-41649-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation