Abstract
Although many studies have proposed eye tracking methods to be used for driving assistance systems, these concepts have not been put into practical. The most considered issue to track drivers’ eyes is the effects of ambient infrared spectrum from the sunlight, making center of pupils and the corneal reflections from the tracker’s infrared light source undetectable. In this study, we propose a visible spectrum eye tracking to calculate the driver’s gaze points only if the gaze detection from the infrared spectrum eye tracking failed. The proposed eye tracking uses an automated facial landmark detection to calculate the head pose which enabling head movement compensation, and a learning-based calibration model to eliminate the calibration processes.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Cabinet Office: White paper on traffic safety in Japan. http://www8.cao.go.jp/koutu/taisaku/h25kou_haku/english/wp2013-pdf.html. Accessed 20 Dec 2015
Vicente, F., Huang, Z., Xiong, X., De la Torre, F., Zhang, W., Levi, D.: Driver gaze tracking and eyes off the road detection system. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 16(4), 2014–2027 (2015)
Ebisawa, Y.: Unconstrained pupil detection technique using two light sources and the image difference method. In: Visualization and Intelligent Design in Engineering, pp. 79–89 (1989)
Evans, K.M., Jacobs, R.A., Tarduno, J.A., Pelz, J.B.: Collecting and analyzing eye-tracking data in outdoor environments. J. Eye Mov. Res. 5(2): 6, 1–19 (2012)
Ryan, W.J., Duchowski, A.T., Birchfield, S.T.: Limbus/pupil switching for wearable eye tracking under variable lighting conditions. In: Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, pp. 61–64 (2008)
Fukuda, T., Morimoto, K., Yamana, H.: Model-based eye-tracking method for low-resolution eye-images. In: 2nd Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction (2011)
Corey, H., Oleg, K.: Eye tracking on unmodified common tablets: challenges and solutions. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, pp. 277–280 (2012)
Imabuchi, T., Prima, O.D.A., Kikuchi, H., Horie, Y., Ito, H.: Visible-spectrum remote eye tracker for gaze communication. In: Proceedings of SPIE 9443, Sixth International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing (ICGIP 2014), 944333 (2015)
Saragih, J., Lucey, S., Cohn, J.: Deformable model fitting by regularized landmark mean-shifts. Int. J. Comput. Vision 91(2), 200–215 (2011)
Wu, Y., Hu, Z.: PnP problem revisited. J. Math. Imaging Vis. 24, 131–141 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Imabuchi, T., Prima, O.D.A., Ito, H. (2016). Visible Spectrum Eye Tracking for Safety Driving Assistance. In: Fujita, H., Ali, M., Selamat, A., Sasaki, J., Kurematsu, M. (eds) Trends in Applied Knowledge-Based Systems and Data Science. IEA/AIE 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9799. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42007-3_37
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42007-3_37
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-42006-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-42007-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)