Skip to main content

Diameter of Things (DoT): A Protocol for Real-Time Telemetry of IoT Applications

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
  • 651 Accesses

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCCN,volume 9512))

Abstract

The Diameter of Things (DoT) protocol is intended to provide a near real-time metering framework for IoT applications in resource-constraint gateways. Respecting resource capacity constraints on edge devices establishes a firm requirement for a lightweight protocol in support of fine-grained telemetry of IoT deployment units. Such metering capability is needed when lack of resources among competing applications dictates our schedule and credit allocation. In response to these findings, the authors offer the DoT protocol that can be incorporated to implement real-time metering of IoT services for prepaid subscribers as well as Pay-per-use economic models. The DoT employs mechanisms to handle the IoT composite application resource usage units consumed/charged against a single user balance. Such charging methods come in two models of time-based and event-based patterns. The former is used for scenarios where the charged units are continuously consumed while the latter is typically used when units are implicit invocation events. The DoT-enabled platform performs a chained metering transaction on a graph of dependent IoT microservices, collects the emitted usage data, then generates billable artifacts from the chain of metering tokens. Finally it permits micropayments to take place in parallel.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6733.

  2. 2.

    Internet Engineering Task Force (https://www.ietf.org).

  3. 3.

    The Concise Binary Object Representation: http://cbor.io.

  4. 4.

    https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zander-ipfix-diameter-eval-00.

References

  1. Buyya, R., Yeo, C.S., Venugopal, S., Broberg, J., Brandic, I.: Cloud computing and emerging it platforms: vision, hype, and reality for delivering computing as the 5th utility. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 25(6), 599–616 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Calhoun, P., Johansson, T., Perkins, C., Hiller, T., Mccann, P.: Diameter mobile IPv4 application. In: IETF, RFC 4004, August 2005

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hakala, H., Mattila, L., Koskinen, J.-P., Stura, M., Loughney, J.: Diameter credit-control application. In: IETF, RFC 4006, August 2005

    Google Scholar 

  4. Garcia-Martin, M.: Diameter session initiation protocol (SIP) application. In: IETF, RFC 4740, April 2006

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rigney, C., Rubens, A., Simpson, W., Willens, S.: Remote authentication dial in user service (RADIUS). In: IETF, RFC 2138, June 2000

    Google Scholar 

  6. Calhoun, P., Loughney, J., Guttman, E., Zorn, G., Arkko, J.: Diameter base protocol. In: IETF, RFC 3588, September 2003

    Google Scholar 

  7. Rivest, R.L., Shamir, A.: PayWord and MicroMint: two simple micropayment schemes. In: Lomas, M. (ed.) Proceedings of the International Workshop on Security Protocols, pp. 69–87. Springer, London (1997)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Elmroth, E., Marquez, F.G., Henriksson, D., Ferrera, D.P.: Accounting and billing for federated cloud infrastructures. In: Proceedings of the 2009 Eighth International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing, GCC 2009, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 268–275. IEEE Computer Society (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Rochwerger, B., Breitgand, D., Levy, E., Galis, A., Nagin, K., Llorente, I.M., Montero, R., Wolfsthal, Y., Elmroth, E., Cáceres, J., Ben-Yehuda, M., Emmerich, W., Galán, F.: The reservoir model and architecture for open federated cloud computing. IBM J. Res. Dev. 53(4), 535–545 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Narayan, A., Rao, S., Ranjan, G., Dheenadayalan, K.: Smart metering of cloud services. In: 2012 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), pp. 1–7, March 2012

    Google Scholar 

  11. Petersson, J.: Cloud metering and billing. http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cloud/library/cl-cloudmetering. Accessed 08 Aug 2011

  12. Naik, V.K., Beaty, K., Kundu, A.: Service usage metering in hybrid cloud environments. In: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E), pp. 253–260, March 2014

    Google Scholar 

  13. Aazam, M., Huh, E.-N.: Fog computing micro datacenter based dynamic resource estimation and pricing model for IoT. In: 2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA), pp. 687–694, March 2015

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mazhelis, O., Waldburger, M., Machado, G.S., Stiller, B., Tyrväinen, P.: Retrieving monitoring and accounting information from constrained devices in internet-of-things applications. In: Doyen, G., Waldburger, M., Čeleda, P., Sperotto, A., Stiller, B. (eds.) AIMS 2013. LNCS, vol. 7943, pp. 136–147. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Stiller, B.: Accounting and monitoring of AAI services. Switch J. 2010(2), 12–13 (2010). IETF

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The research leading to these results is sponsored by the Doctoral College of Adaptive Distributed Systems (ADSys) (http://www.big.tuwien.ac.at/adaptive) at the Vienna University of Technology.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Soheil Qanbari .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Qanbari, S., Mahdizadeh, S., Rahimzadeh, R., Behinaein, N., Dustdar, S. (2016). Diameter of Things (DoT): A Protocol for Real-Time Telemetry of IoT Applications. In: Altmann, J., Silaghi, G., Rana, O. (eds) Economics of Grids, Clouds, Systems, and Services. GECON 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9512. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43177-2_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43177-2_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43176-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43177-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics