Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Facial Behaviour Analysis in Parkinson’s Disease

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality (MIAR 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 9805))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

We describe a method for evaluating facial expressivity in order to improve related clinical assessments of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). There is a controversial evidence in the literature that PD facial impairment can be detected on certain emotional expressions. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of discriminative and quantitive measures of PD from the ability of a subject to express facial expressions. Video clips of 8 subjects (4 healthy controls and 4 with patients with PD) were recorded during daily sessions over several weeks. Observations covered emotion variation over one week for control subjects and six weeks for patients with PD. A statistical shape model was used to track facial expressions and to measure the amount of expressivity exhibited by each subject. The study suggests that measures of the amount of movement during happiness, disgust and anger expressions are the most discriminative, with PD patients exhibiting less movement than controls. This work demonstrates that it may be possible to measure day-to-day variations in symptoms of PD automatically.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Alonso-Recio, L., Serrano, J.M., Martín, P.: Selective attention and facial expression recognition in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol.: Official J. Nat. Acad. Neuropsychologists 29(4), 374–84 (2014). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24760956

    Google Scholar 

  2. Baltrusaitis, T.: Automatic facial expression analysis. Technical report UCAM-CL-TR-861. University of Cambridge, Computer Laboratory, October 2014. http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/techreports/UCAM-CL-TR-861.pdf

  3. Carlson, N.R., Heth, D., Miller, H., Donahoe, J., Martin, G.N.: Psychology: The Science of Behavior. Pearson, London (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chennamma, H., Yuan, X.: A survey on eye-gaze tracking techniques. arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6410 4, 388–393 (2013)

  5. Constantinescu, G., Theodoros, D., Russell, T., Ward, E., Wilson, S., Wootton, R.: Assessing disordered speech and voice in Parkinson’s disease: a telerehabilitation application. Int. J. Lang. Commun. Disord./Roy. Coll. Speech Lang. Therapists 45(6), 630–44 (2010). http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20102257

    Google Scholar 

  6. Cootes, T.F., Ionita, M.C., Lindner, C., Sauer, P.: Robust and accurate shape model fitting using random forest regression voting. In: Fitzgibbon, A., Lazebnik, S., Perona, P., Sato, Y., Schmid, C. (eds.) ECCV 2012, Part VII. LNCS, vol. 7578, pp. 278–291. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-33786-4_21

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Cootes, T., Taylor, C., Cooper, D., Graham, J.: Active shape models-their training and application. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 61, 38–59 (1995). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077314285710041

    Google Scholar 

  8. Danelakis, A., Theoharis, T., Pratikakis, I.: A survey on facial expression recognition in 3D video sequences. Multimedia Tools Appl. 74(15), 5577–5615 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ekman, P.: Basic emotions (1999). http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com//10.1002/0470013494.ch3/summary

  10. Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V., Ellsworth, P.: Emotion in the Human Face, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V.: The Facial Action Coding System. Consulting Psychologists Press, Stanford University, Palo Alto (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fehrenbach, M.J., Herring, S.W.: Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck. Elsevier Health Sciences, London (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Flores, V.C.: ARTNATOMY (anatomical basis of facial expression interactive learning tool). In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Educators Program on - SIGGRAPH 2006, p. 22 (2006). http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34548268121&partnerID=tZOtx3y1

  14. Fontaine, J.R.J., Scherer, K.R., Roesch, E.B., Ellsworth, P.C.: The world of emotions is not two-dimensional. Psychol. Sci. 18(12), 1050–1057 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kan, Y., Kawamura, M., Hasegawa, Y., Mochizuki, S., Nakamura, K.: Recognition of emotion from facial, prosodic and written verbal stimuli in Parkinson’s disease. Cortex J. Devoted Study Nerv. Syst. Behav. 38(4), 623–630 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Katsikitis, M., Pilowsky, I.: A study of facial expression in Parkinson’s disease using a novel microcomputer-based method. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 51(3), 362–366 (1988). http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi//10.1136/jnnp.51.3.362

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kring, A., Sloan, D.: The facial expression coding system (FACES): a users guide. Unpublished manuscript (1991). http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~akring/FACES manual.pdf

  18. de Lau, L.M.L., Breteler, M.M.B.: Epidemiology of Parkinson’s disease. Lancet Neurol. 5(6), 525–535 (2006). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474442206704719

  19. Marsili, L., Agostino, R., Bologna, M., Belvisi, D., Palma, A., Fabbrini, G., Berardelli, A.: Bradykinesia of posed smiling and voluntary movement of the lower face in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 20(4), 370–375 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. NHS: Parkinson’s disease - Treatment (2014). http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Parkinsons-disease/Pages/Treatment.aspx

  21. Parrish, A., Brosnan, S.: Primate cognition. In: Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, pp. 174–180. Elsevier (2012). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123750006002895

  22. Pell, M.D., Leonard, C.L.: Facial expression decoding in early Parkinson’s disease. Brain Res. Cogn. Brain Res. 23(2–3), 327–340 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Pilowsky, I., Thornton, M., Stokes, B.: A microcomputer based approach to the quantification of facial expressions. Australas. Phys. Eng. Sci. Med./Support. Australas. Coll. Phys. Scientists Med. Australas. Assoc. Phys. Sci. Med. 8(2), 70 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Plutchik, R.: The nature of emotions: human emotions have deep evolutionary roots. Am. Sci. 89(4), 344–350 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Premack, D., Woodruff, G.: Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behav. Brain Sci. 4, 515–526 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Smith, M., Smith, M., Ellgring, H.: Spontaneous and posed facial expression in Parkinson’s disease. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 2, 383–391 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. de Spinoza, B.: Ethics. Classics of World Literature Series, Wordsworth Editions (2001). https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FJrOf7k44NMC

  28. Sprengelmeyer, R., Young, A.W., Mahn, K., Schroeder, U., Woitalla, D., Büttner, T., Kuhn, W., Przuntek, H.: Facial expression recognition in people with medicated and unmedicated Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia 41(8), 1047–1057 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Sprengelmeyer, R., Young, A.W., Pundt, I., Sprengelmeyer, A., Calder, A.J., Berrios, G., Winkel, R., Vollmöeller, W., Kuhn, W., Sartory, G., Przuntek, H.: Disgust implicated in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Proc. Biol. Sci./Roy. Soc. 264(1389), 1767–1773 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Suzuki, A., Hoshino, T., Shigemasu, K., Kawamura, M.: Disgust-specific impairment of facial expression recognition in Parkinson’s disease. Brain 129(3), 707–717 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. The Parkinson’s Disease Foundation: Statistics on Parkinson’s (2015). http://www.pdf.org/en/parkinson_statistics

  32. The Parkinson’s Disease Foundation: Diagnosis (2016). http://www.pdf.org/en/diagnosis

  33. Wu, P., Gonzalez, I., Patsis, G., Jiang, D., Sahli, H., Kerckhofs, E., Vandekerckhove, M.: Objectifying facial expressivity assessment of parkinson’s patients: preliminary study. Comput. Math. Methods Med. 2014, Article ID 427826 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Yu, R.L., Wu, R.M.: Social brain dysfunctions in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a review of theory of mind studies. Transl. Neurodegeneration 2(1), 2–7 (2013). http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3621839&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK

    Riyadh Almutiry & Tim Cootes

  2. Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK

    Samuel Couth & Ellen Poliakoff

  3. School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK

    Sonja Kotz

  4. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Greater Manchester, UK

    Monty Silverdale

Authors
  1. Riyadh Almutiry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Samuel Couth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ellen Poliakoff
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sonja Kotz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Monty Silverdale
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tim Cootes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Riyadh Almutiry .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Surgical Technology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Guoyan Zheng

  2. Tsinghua University, Tokyo, Japan

    Hongen Liao

  3. Faculte de Medicine, Universite de Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France

    Pierre Jannin

  4. University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland

    Philippe Cattin

  5. Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

    Su-Lin Lee

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Almutiry, R., Couth, S., Poliakoff, E., Kotz, S., Silverdale, M., Cootes, T. (2016). Facial Behaviour Analysis in Parkinson’s Disease. In: Zheng, G., Liao, H., Jannin, P., Cattin, P., Lee, SL. (eds) Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality. MIAR 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9805. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43775-0_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43775-0_30

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43774-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43775-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation