Skip to main content

Africa’s Non-inclusion in Defining Fifth Generation Mobile Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries (AFRICOMM 2016)

Abstract

This paper identifies and unpacks a troubling phenomenon whereby Africans have historically been and currently are de-facto excluded from processes that set mobile network standards such as 3G, 4G, and (now) 5G. It combines technical and procedural observations and colonial discourses of computing, concluding that enshrined systems and processes that steer the changes in mobile technology disempower African inputs and represent a continuation of the single use of situated techniques, skills, methods and processes in the production of core mobile technologies, all conceptualised outside Africa.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Burawoy, M.: The Extended Case Method. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  2. van Stam, G.: Is technology the solution to the world’s major social challenges? In: IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC 2012), Seattle, WA, USA, 21–24 October 2012. IEEE (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  3. van Stam, G.: Experience in research and development in rural Zambia and Zimbabwe. In: RAE Workshop-4 ‘Enriching Engineering Education’, Harare, Zimbabwe, 6–7 November 2014

    Google Scholar 

  4. Mawere, M., van Stam, G.: African engineering and the quest for sustainable development: levelling the ground for all players. In: Mawere, M., Nhemachena, A. (eds.) Theory, Knowledge, Development and Politics: What Role for the Academy in the Sustainability of Africa? Chap. 8, pp. 189–206. Langaa RPCIG, Bamenda (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  5. International Telecommunications Union: ITU towards “IMT for 2020 and beyond” (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  6. 5G PPP (Infrastructure Association). 5G Vision. Technical report (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  7. NGMN Alliance: NGMN 5G White Paper. Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Johnson, D.L., van Stam, G.: The shortcomings of globalised internet technology in Southern Africa. In: Africomm 2016, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 6–8 December 2016

    Google Scholar 

  9. ATIS. 5G Reimagined: A North American Perspective. Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, Washington, DC (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  10. 3GPP. The Mobile Broadband Standard RAN 5G Workshop - The Start of Something (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fettweis, G.P.: The tactile internet - applications and challenges. IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag. 9(1), 64–70 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mawere, M., van Stam, G.: Paradigm clash, imperial methodological epistemologies and development in Africa: observations from rural Zimbabwe and Zambia. In: Mawere, M., Mwanaka, T. (eds.) Development, Governance, and Democracy: A Search for Sustainable Democracy and Development in Africa, Chap. 6, pp. 193–211. Langaa RPCIG, Bamenda (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  13. van Stam, G.: Orientalism embedded in foreign narratives of technology for development. In: International Conference Chinoyi University, Chinoyi, Zimbabwe, 2–5 August 2016

    Google Scholar 

  14. Bidwell, N.J.: Moving the centre to design social media in rural Africa. J. Knowl. Cult. Commun. 31(1), 51–77 (2016). AI & SOCIETY

    Google Scholar 

  15. Dourish, P., Mainwaring, S.D.: Ubicomp’s colonial impulse. In: UbiComp 2012, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 5–8 September 2012

    Google Scholar 

  16. Zaaiman, A.: National security: navigating the coming rough sees between USA and China. In: Women’s Leadership in Peace-Building: Conflict, Community and Care, pp. 197–209. Africa World Press, Trenton (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  17. McGrath, B.: A New Look at an Old Maritime Strategy (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Adam, S.: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. William Strahan, Thomas Cadell, London (1776)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Galtung, J.: A structural theory of imperialism. J. Peace Res. 8(2), 81–117 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. van Greunen, D., van Stam, G.: Review of an African rural internet network and related academic interventions. J. Commun. Inform. 10(2) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ekwuru, E.G.: The Pangs of an African Culture in Travail. Totan Publishers, Owerri (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Light, A., Akama, Y.: Relations, structuring future social: the politics of care in participatory practice. Proceedings of the 13th Participatory Design Conference (PDC 2014): Research Papers, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 151–160 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Greenbaum, J., Halskov, K.: PD a personal statement. Commun. ACM 36(6), 47 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  24. van Stam, G.: African engineering and colonialistic conditioning. In: Fifth International Conference on e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries, Africomm 2013, Blantyre, Malawi, 25–27 November 2013

    Google Scholar 

  25. Schneegans, S., Eroöcal, D.: Unesco Science Report: Towards 2030. UNESCO Publishing, Paris (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Sheneberger, K., van Stam, G.: Relatio: an examination of the relational dimension of resource allocation. Econ. Fin. Rev. 1(4), 26–33 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  27. van Stam, G.: African engineers and the quest for sustainable development: levelling the ground for all players. In: IEEE PES Power Africa, Livingstone, Zambia, 28 June–2 July 2016

    Google Scholar 

  28. van Stam, G.: Framing ICT access in rural Africa. In: 11th Prato CIRN Conference, Prato, Italy, 13–15 October 2014

    Google Scholar 

  29. Mawere, M., van Stam, G.: Ubuntu/Unhu as communal love: critical reflections on the sociology of Ubuntu and communal life in sub-Saharan Africa. In: Mawere, M., Marongwe, N. (eds.) Politics, Violence and Conflict Management in Africa: Envisioning Transformation, Peace and Unity in the Twenty-First Century, Chap. 9. Langaa RPCIG, Bamenda (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  30. van Stam, G.: Information and knowledge transfer in the rural community of Macha, Zambia. J. Commun. Inform. 9(1) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Weijland, W.P.: Mathematical Foundations for the Economy of Giving (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  32. van Stam, G.: Thoughts on African content and implementation strategies involved in ICT access in (rural) Africa. In: HSRC, Seminar Series, Pretoria, South Africa, 25 March 2014. Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ingold, T., Hallam, E.: Creativity and cultural improvisation: an introduction. In: Hallam, E., Ingold, T. (eds.) Creativity and Cultural Improvisation, Chap. 1. Berg, Oxford (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  34. van Stam, G.: Participatory Networks: Observations from Macha works. In: Participatory Networks Workshop at PDC 2014, Windhoek, Namibia (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Mamdani, M.: The importance of research in a university (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Wireless World: Gwandu seeks Africa’s representation in 5G development (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Unwin, T.: Ensuring that we create an internet for all. In: Stockholm Internet Forum 2013, Stockholm, Sweden, 23–23 May 2003

    Google Scholar 

  38. Varoufakis, Y.: The Global Minotaur. Zed Books, London (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Varoufakis, Y.: And the Weak Suffer What They Must? Europe, Austerity and the Threat to Global Stability. The Bodley Head, London (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Brand, R.: Revolution. Century, London (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Ouoba, J., Bissyandé, T.F.: Leveraging the cultural model for opportunistic networking in sub-Saharan Africa. In: Fourth International IEEE EAI Conference on e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries, Africomm 2012 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Bidwell, N.J., Reitmaier, T., Rey-Moreno, C., Roro, Z., Siya, M.J., Dlutu-Siya, B.: Timely relations in rural Africa. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the IFIP 9.4 Working Group on Social Implications of Computers in Development Countries, Ocho Rios, Jamaica, 19–22 May 2013

    Google Scholar 

  43. Unwin, T.: On the richness of Africa (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Nyamnjoh, F.B.: Incompleteness: Frontier Africa and the currency of conviviality. J. Asian Afr. Stud. 50(2), 1–18 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Johnson, D.L.: The white space opportunities in Africa. In: Fifth International Conference on e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries, Africomm 2013, Blantyre, Malawi, 25–27 November 2013

    Google Scholar 

  46. Gweme, F., van Stam, G.: The potential for use of TV white spaces for the internet in Zimbabwe. In: Chinoyi International Conference, Chinoyi, Zimbabwe, 2–5 August 2016

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gertjan van Stam .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

About this paper

Cite this paper

van Stam, G. (2018). Africa’s Non-inclusion in Defining Fifth Generation Mobile Networks. In: Bissyande, T., Sie, O. (eds) e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries. AFRICOMM 2016. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 208. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66742-3_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66742-3_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66741-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-66742-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics