Abstract
Embedded systems play an ever increasing role in almost any field of daily life, including the mobility domain taking massive benefits from using software in their products. The intense use of software leads to a situation, where processing platforms have to be introduced in many different fields of applications. However, well-known platforms will not be able to satisfy the ever increasing requirements on processing performance. Thus, for new functionality, higher performant systems have to be implemented using alternative and emerging architectures. Multi-core technology, being state of the art in standard ICT for a couple of years now, seems to be the most promising way and will also find its way into avionics systems. However, the characteristics of the target platforms—as will be outlined in Sect. 2.2—changed over the years. Coming from more simple and more easy to use single-core processors to distributed multiprocessor systems toward multi-core processors, the development shows huge differences as discussed in Sect. 2.3. Especially the use of multi-core based systems in the mobility domains introduces challenges that are by far more complex than primarily expected. These challenges, resulting from the basic architecture of the processors, are identified and will be presented in Sect. 2.4. Resulting failure modes and their sources are identified in Sect. 2.5. Finally, the trends and conclusions regarding the emerging multi-core technology are discussed in Sect. 2.6.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
R. John, Partitioning in avionics architectures: requirements, mechanisms, and assurance, in NASA Langley Technical Report Server (1999)
H. Butz, Open integrated modular avionic (IMA): state of the art and future development road map at airbus Deutschland. Signal 10, 1000 (2010)
R.L. Eveleens, Integrated modular avionics development guidance and certification considerations. Mission Syst. Eng. 2, 1120–1132 (2006)
J.W. Ramsey, Integrated modular avionics: less is more-fresh approaches to integrated modular avionic architectures will save weight, improve reliability of A380 and B787 systems. Avion. Mag. 31(2), 24 (2007)
RTCA. DO-254 design assurance guidance for airborne electronic hardware (2000)
Certification Authorities Software Team (CAST). Position Paper CAST-32A - Multi-core Processors. Rev. 0 (2016)
European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). Certification memorandum - SWCEH-001 development assurance of airborne electronic hardware. Rev. 01 (2011)
European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). Certification memorandum - SWCEH-002 software aspects of certification. Rev. 01 (2012)
Wgsimon. Moore’s Law, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15193542
Infineon. Product brief: highly integrated and performance optimized, 32-bit microcontrollers for automotive and industrial applications (2014)
NXP. P4080 QorIQ integrated multicore communication processor family reference manual (2012)
NXP. i.MX 6Dual/6Quad applications processor reference manual (2013)
O. Sander, F. Bapp, T. Sandmann, V.V. Duy, S. Bähr, J. Becker, Architectural measures against radiation effects in multicore SoC for safety critical applications, in 2014 IEEE 57th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS) (IEEE, 2014), pp. 663–666
F.K. Bapp, O. Sander, T. Sandmann, V.V. Duy, S. Baehr, J. Becker, Adapting commercial off-the-shelf multicore processors for safety-related automotive systems using online monitoring. Technical report, SAE Technical Paper (2015)
F.K. Bapp, O. Sander, T. Sandmann, H. Stoll, J. Becker, Programmable logic as device virtualization layer in heterogeneous multicore architectures, in International Symposium on Applied Reconfigurable Computing (Springer, Berlin, 2016), pp. 273–286
O. Sander, F.K. Bapp, L. Dieudonne, T. Sandmann, J. Becker, The promised future of multi-core processors in avionics systems. CEAS Aeronaut. J. 8(1), 143–155 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-016-0228-x. ISSN: 1869-5590
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bapp, F.K., Becker, J. (2018). Advances in Avionic Platforms: Multi-core Systems. In: Durak, U., Becker, J., Hartmann, S., Voros, N. (eds) Advances in Aeronautical Informatics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75058-3_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75058-3_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-75057-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-75058-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)